Third Coalition, War. 1805. England, Austria, Russia, Sweden beaten by France, Spain despite Trafalgar victory. Ulm. Austerlitz. Coalition.

Thirteen Colonies. 1776. British colonies in North America which formed the United States: Virginia, Massachussets, New York, Maryland, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Delaware, New Hampshire, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Georgia.

Thirty Years’ Peace. 445-415BC Ended First Peloponnesian War.

Thirty Years War. 1618-48. Protestant revolt vs Holy Roman Empire involving most European states. Peace of Westphalia. Spain, HRE lose influence; Denmark finished as power; France dominant; Sweden controls Baltic. Religious toleration. Use of muskets, canons developed.

Thor. Scandinavian god of thunder and war.

Thorndike, Edward. 1874-1949. US psychologist. Developed children’s intelligence test. Animal Intelligence 1898-1901.

Three Henrys War. 1585-89. French War of Religion. Henri de Guise fails to depose Henry III. Executed. Henry III murdered. Henry of Navarre takes throne.

Thucydides. 5C BC. Greek historian of Peloponnesian Wars. Objective historical science.

Tilly, Graf von. 1559-1632. Flemish commander of Catholic League in Thirty Years War.

Tilsit, Treaties. 1807. Russia, Prussia join Continental System. Russia free to attack Finland. Prussia surrenders to Napoleon, reduced in size. France controls Central Europe. Creates Warsaw Duchy, Westphalia.

Tipu Sahib. 1753-99. Indian Sultan of Mysore. Killed in Mysore War.

Tiw. One-handed Germanic god of war.

Tojo Hideki. 1884-1948. Japanese general, Prime Minister 1941-4. Pearl Harbor. Hung for war crimes.

Tolstoy, Lev. 1828-1910. Russian historical novelist. Moralist. Occupied with social reforms; freed his serfs. Founded Christian anarchist religion. War and Peace 1863-9. Anna Karenina 1875-7.

Toltec. 9-13C. C. Mexican urban warrior peoples. Sun worshippers. Defeated by Aztecs.

Tong Wars. 1850-1930. US Chinese criminal feuds.

Tours, Truce. 1444-49. Break in Hundred Years War.

Towton, Battle. 1461. York victory in War of Roses. Henry VI fled England. Edward IV took crown.

Treaty Ports. Japan, China forced by west to open ports to foreign trade. Opium Wars.

Trent Affair. 1861. US sieze British mail ship in Civil War, remove two Confederate commissioners.

Trenton, Battle. 1776. Washington crosses Delaware to defeat British.

Trianon Treaty. 1920. WWI Allies settle Hungarian borders at 1/3 of pre-war size.

Triple Alliance. 1668 England, United Provinces, Sweden vs France to protect Spanish Netherlands. 1717 France, England, Dutch Republic vs Spain...Quadruple Alliance. 1788-90 British, Dutch Republic, Prussia vs spread of Russo-Swedish War. 1795. England, Austria, Russia vs threat of French Revolution.1882-1914. Germany, Austria, Italy vs Triple Entente.

Triple Alliance, War of. 1865-70. Paraguayan War.

Tripolitan War. 1801-5. US vs Barbary pirates who demanded tribute to the Pasha of Tripoli.

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