Galicia. Gallaecci. c137BC Rome. 411 Suevi. 585 Visigoth. 1072 León.

Galicia. 6C Lechs/Ruthenians settle. 10C Russian. 1087 Independent prin. 1241 Mongol. 1349 Pol. 1772 Austrian. 1918 Pol. 1939 USSR(E).

Galileo Galilei. 1564-1642. Italian physicist. Planetary motion. Thermometer 1592. Acceleration of falling bodies 1604. Astronomical telescope 1609. Sunspots 1610. Arrested for heliocentricity, 1632. Rehabilitated by Vatican 1992. Copernicus.

Galland, Antoine. 1646-1715. French translator of Arabian Nights, introduced the story to Europe 1704.

Gallas, Matthias. 1584-1647. General for Holy Roman Empire during Thirty Years War. Troops annihilated.

Gallican Confession. 1559. French Calvinists’ statement of faith.

Gallicanism. 13-19C. French Catholic independence from papal authority. Conciliarism vs Ultramontanism.

Galsworthy, John. 1867-1933. British writer. Forsythe Saga 1906-21.

Galt, Alexander. 1817-93. British/Canadian statesman, father of Canadian Confederation.

Gambetta, Léon. 1838-82. French Third Republic leader.

Gambia, The. 1455 Portugal discovers. 1588 British settle. 17-18C French, British dispute. 1843 British Crown Colony. 1965 Independent. 1970 Republic.

Garrick, David. 1717-79. English actor, theater manager.

Garter, Order of. c1348. First Order of British Knighthood. Founded by Edward III. “Honi soit qui mal y pense”. Shame on him who thinks evil of it.

Gaskell, Elizabeth. 1810-65. Social novelist. Mary Barton 1848.

Gath. Biblical home of Goliath.

Gaucho. 18-19C Nomadic South American cowboy.

Gaugemela, Battle. 331BC. Alexander the Great defeats Persia.

Gauguin, Paul. 1848-1903. French Post-Impressionist painter typified by abstracted figures and flat planes of color. Tahitian Landscape. Day of the God 1894.

Gauss, Karl. 1777-1855. German physicist, mathematician. Complex Numbers. Modern arithmetic 1801.

Gautama, Siddhartha. -480BC. Prince. Buddha.

Gautier, Théophile. 1811-72. French poet. -“Art for art’s sake”. Mlle de Maupin 1835.

Gawain. Arthurian ideal knight.

Geiger, Hans. 1882-1945. Invented geiger counter, 1928, with Müller.

Gelasius I, St. Pope 492-6. Compiled first Missal. Hard line continued rift with Constantinople.

Gemayel, Amin. Lebanese President 1982-88 after brother, Bashir, president-elect, was assassinated.

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