Savoy. 1034- Noble dynasty of France, Switzerland. Italian kings 1861-1946.

Saxe, Maurice, comte de. 1696-1750. French commander, War of Austrian Succession.

Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. German dynasty includes Belgian Leopold I 1831-; Albert, Prince-Consort, England. 1840-; Ferdinand, Prince-Consort, Portugal. 1836-; Prince of Bulgaria 1887-1946.

Saxo Grammaticus. 12-13C. Writer of early Danish history. Hamlet 1213. Gesta Danorum.

Saxon Dynasty. Kings of Germans 919-, Holy Roman Empire 962-1024.

Saxony. 843 «East Frankish Kingdom. 919-1024 Ruled HRE. 1180 Divided. 1697 Elector (King) of Poland. 1785 Fürstenbund. 1806 Napoleon creates Kingdom. 1815 Half to Prussia. 1815 German Confederation. 1835 Zollverein. 1867 North German Confederation. 1871 German Empire. 1918 Abolished monarchy. 1920 Republic. 1933 Germany.

Sayers, Dorothy. 1893-1957. English mystery writer. Lord Peter Wimsey.

Scalawags. White southern Republicans who supported Reconstruction.

Scandberg. 1404-68. Albanian prince, raised as hostage in Turkey. Led Albanians vs Turks 1444-66.

Scarron, Paul. 1610-60. French dramatist, novelist. Le Roman Comique 1651-9.

Sceptics. We can know nothing more than the fleeting images of consciousness. Most is unknowable. Pyrrho.

Schacht, Hjalmar. 1877-1970. German financier. Halted ruinous inflation 1923. President of Reichsbank 1929-39. Minister of Economy 1934-7.

Scharnhorst, Gerhard von. 1755-1813. Prussian general, reorganized army. General staff system.

Scheele, Carl. 1742-86. Sweden. Discovered oxygen 1771/2, independent of Priestley. Chlorine gas 1774.

Scheherazade. Entertained the Sultan of the Indies for 1001 nghts with stories, delaying her execution.

Scheidemann, Philipp. 1865-1939. First chancellor of Weimar Republic 1918.

Schelling, Friedrich. 1775-1854. German Idealist philosopher. -’artist is superior to thinker’.

Schiaparelli, Giovanni. 1835-1910. Italian ’discoverer’ of non-existent canals on Mars.

Schiller, Friedrich. 1759-1805. German Romantic writer of historical dramas and lyric poetry. Popularized William Tell 1804. -“inner direction” Wallenstein 1800.

Schiner, Matthäus. c1465-1522. Led Swiss to defeat at Maignano. Established peace and neutrality of Switzerland.

Schirrman, Richard. 1874-1961. German originator of youth hostels.

Schism, Great. 1054 East-West Schism. 1378 Great Schism.

Schlegel, August von. 1767-1854. German Romantic scholar, Shakespeare translator.

Schleicher, Kurt von. 1882-1934. Last chancellor of Weimar Republic 1932-3. Opposed Hitler. Murdered by SS on Night of Long Knives.

Schleiermacher, Friedrich. 1768-1834. German Protestant theologian.

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