Miguel, Dom. 1802-66. Pretender to Portuguese throne 1828- causes Civil War 1831-4.

Military Conversations. 1906-14. English, French military staff prepare for war with Germany.

Militia Ordinance. 1642. Parliament takes over Militia. English Civil War.

Minden, Battle. 1759. Prussia and Britain defeat French. Seven Years War.

Miranda Decision. 1966. US Supreme Court protects rights vs self-incrimination. Required police warning, “You have the right to remain silent...”.

Mithradatic Wars. 88~63BC. Mithradates defeated. Romans annex Pontus.

Model Parliaments. 1265, 1295. Convened by Montfort, Edward I. Models for British representative parliament.

Mohicans. -17C. North American Indian tribe dispersed by war.

Montcalm, Louis. 1712-59. French general killed defending Quebec against the English. Seven Years War.

Montfort, Simon de. c1208-65. English leader of revolt vs Henry III. Model Parliament was first representative parliament. Defeated and captured at Evesham 1265. Barons War.

Montrose, James Graham, Marq. of. 1612-50. Scottish general for Charles I in Civil War. Executed.

Montrose Campaign. 1644-5. Scotland defeats England in Civil War.

Moravian Church. Unitas Fratrum. 1457-. Protestant Hussite sect. 1467 Split from Utraquists. 18C German Pietist revival.

Mormon War. 1857-8. US vs Mormons re appointment of Utah governor.

Mornay, Philippe de. 1549-1623. French Huguenot leader in Wars of Religion, 1562-98. Reconciled Henry III, Henry of Navarre.

Mortimer. English royal family. Edmund’s royal marriage 14C led to 15C Yorkist claims vs Henry IV. Edward IV.

Mortimer, Roger. c1287-1330. Lover of Queen Isabella. Deposed Edward II and ruled 1327-. Executed by Edward III.

Mortimer’s Cross, Battle. 1461. Yorks defeat Lancastrians. Edward IV declares himself king.

Müntzer, Thomas. 1488-1525. Anabaptist founder 1520. Supremacy of inner light vs scripture. Peasant Revolt 1524. Executed.

Mursa, Battle. 351. Roman civil wars. Rebel Magnentius defeated by Constantius II. 54,000 dead.

Muslim Civil War. 656-61 Sunni Muawiya defeats Shi’ite Ali for leadership starting Umayyad dynasty. 683-92 Umayyad put down Syrian rebellion. 809-13 Iraq vs Iran. 1008-31 Moslem Spanish gain autonomy from Umayyad.

Mussolini, Benito. Il Duce. 1883-1945. Italian Fascist dictator 1922-. Seized Abyssinia 1935. Allied with Germany WWII. Shot.

Mutual Assistance Pact. 1950. USSR supports China, sends arms to N Korea.

Mylae, Battle. 260BC. Roman navy defeats Carthaginians in first Punic War.

Mysore Wars. 1767~99 Moslems vs British in India.

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