Megarian. 4C BC. School of philosophy founded by Eucleides. Good is a single quality by many names.

Meiji. 1852-1912. Japanese Empire. 1867-. Modernization. New constitution. Abolished feudalism. Made Japan a world power. Ended isolationism. Tokugawa.

Melba, Nellie. 1861-1931. Australian operatic soprano.

Mennonites. 1536. Christian pacifist congregationalist sect based on Anabaptists but teaching conservatism.

Mensheviks. 1903-22. Pacifist minority Social Democratic Workers Party members under Martov split from Bolsheviks. Sought gradual vs revolutionary socialism. Suppressed after October Revolution.

Menzies, Robert. 1894-1978. Australian Liberal Prime Minister 1939-41, 49-66. ANZUS. SEATO.

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 1908-61. French philosopher blending existentialism, Marxism, phenomenology.

Mesopotamia. 5000BC. Tigris-Euphrates river plain where civilization began. 550BC Persia. 331BC Alexander. 115 Rome. 637 Moslem. 13C Mongol. 1534 Ottoman. Babylon. Akkad. Ur. Iraq.

Metastasio, Pietro. 1698-1782. Italian librettist for Gluck, Handel, Haydn, Mozart.

Metaxas, Ioannis. 1871-1941. Greek dictator 1936-. Repelled Italian invasion 1940.

Mihajlovitch, Dragoljub. 1893-1946. Yugoslav royalist WWII leader vs Tito. Executed for collaboration with Germany; exonerated by US.

Millenialism. Belief in the Millenium, 1000 Year reign of Christ before world ends.

Mindszenty, József. 1892-1975. Hungarian cardinal. Anti-Nazi, anti-communist. Jailed by both. Spent 1956-71 in US consulate.

Minimalism. 1960s. US movement of simplified non-expressive art. Kelly. Stella.

Miró, Joan. 1893-1974. Spanish surrealist painter. Pure colors, abstract shapes. Bird, star themes. Dog Barking at the Moon.

Mitterand, François. 1916-96. Socialist president of France, 1981-95. Promoted European unity.

Modigliani, Amadeo. 1884-1920. Italian/French artist. Elongated necks and simplified figures. Head 1911-12. Recining Nude 1919.

Molotov. 1890-1986. Soviet Stalinist Prime Minister 1930-41.

Monophysitism. 4C- Heretical Christian doctrine. Jesus has single divine nature. Coptics. Monothelitism. Nestorianism. Dualism. Chalcedon.

Montanism. 156-9C. Montanus’ ascetic Christian movement of illuminati expecting the Millenium.

Monte di Pietà. 1463. Italian institute to lend money to poor at low interest.

Montecuccoli, Raimondo. 1609-80. Italian Holy Roman Empire general. Defeated Turks 1664, French 1672-5.

Montessori, Maria. 1870-1952. Italian educator. System based on spontaneity and self motivation 1907.

Monteverdi, Claudio. 1567-1643. Italian composer. First opera: Orfeo 1607. L’Arianna 1608. Madrigals 1583.

Monticello. 1770. Federalist style Virginian estate of Jefferson.

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