Galicia. Gallaecci. c137BC Rome. 411 Suevi. 585 Visigoth. 1072 León.

Galicia. 6C Lechs/Ruthenians settle. 10C Russian. 1087 Independent prin. 1241 Mongol. 1349 Pol. 1772 Austrian. 1918 Pol. 1939 USSR(E).

Galician Offensive. Kerensky Offensive.

Galilee. N Israel. (Ancient N Palestine). Jesus’ homeland. Absorbed in Arab-Israeli War, 1949.

Galileo Galilei. 1564-1642. Italian physicist. Planetary motion. Thermometer 1592. Acceleration of falling bodies 1604. Astronomical telescope 1609. Sunspots 1610. Arrested for heliocentricity, 1632. Rehabilitated by Vatican 1992. Copernicus.

Galloway, Joseph. c1731-1803 British loyalist leader in American Revolution. Peaceful settlement proposal defeated.

Galuppi, Baldassare. 1706-85. Italian. Developed opera buffa.

Galvani, Luigi. 1737-98. Italian physiologist. Electrical stimulation of frog’s legs 1780.

Gama, Vasco da. c1460-1524. Portuguese explorer who rounded Cape of Good Hope 1488. Captured Calicot, India, 1503.

Gamaliel. -c50. Jewish rabbi. Taught St. Paul.

Garcia Iñiguez, Calixto. 1836-98. Cuban leader. Ten Years War. Spanish-American War.

Garibaldi, Giusseppe. 1807-82. Led “Red Shirts” in Italian Risorgimento. Captured Naples 1860.

Garvey, Marcus. 1887-1940. Jamaican/US black nationalist. Back to Africa Movement.

Gdansk. (Danzig). 1308 Teutonic Knights. 1466-1793 Sole Polish port. 1919 Independent. (Nazi 1933-). 1939 Germans annex, causing WWII. 1945 Poland. Solidarity.

Gentili, Alberico. 1552-1608. Italian jurist. International laws on the conduct of war.

Gentlemen’s Agreement. 1907. US-Japan. Restricted emigration and discrimination. 1937. British-Italian agreement on Mediterranean. Appeasement.

George, Henry. 1839-97. US economist. Progress and Poverty 1879, influenced British socialism.

Georgia. 6C BC Achaemenid. 4C BC Alexander. 65BC Rome. 330 Christian. 4-5C Sassanids, Byzantine dispute. 6C Sass. 7C Moslem. 8C 2 Kingdoms. c1000 United. 1220 Mongol(E). 14C United. 15C Turk/Persian. 1801 Russia. 1918 Independent. 1921 Soviet Republic. 1991 Independent. CIS.

German Movement. 18C Nationalist cultural movement. Lessing, Goethe, Schiller.

Ghana, Ancient. Trading empire c300-1200. ≈southeast Mauritania + west Mali.

Ghazali, al-. 1058-1111. Islamic Sufi philosopher, mystic.

Ghiberti, Lorenzo. c1378-1455. Florentine naturalistic sculptor and architect. John the Baptist 1414. Florence Baptistery doors 1425-50.

Gibran, Khalil. 1883-1931. Lebanese/US philosopher, writer. The Prophet 1923.

Gilded Age. Post American Civil War period of materialism, questionable ethics. Named by Mark Twain.

Giolitti, Giovanni. 1842-1928. Italian Prime Minister 1892~1921. Universal male suffrage 1912.

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