Cavalier Parliament. 1661-79. Royalist. Repressive laws against Puritans and Catholics.

Cavalier Party. 1660-88. Royalists. Became Tory.

Cavalier Poets. 17C Royalists. Lovelace. Herrick.

Cavaliere, Emilio del. c1550-1602. Added arias and choral movements to cantatas. Early dramatic music.

Cavaliers. Royalist partisans in English Civil War.

CCF. 1932. Cooperative Commonwealth Federation. Canadian Socialist party. 1961 =New Democratic Party.

Ceuta. c12C BC Phoenicia. 1C BC Rome. 5C Vandal. 6C Byzantine. 618 Visigoth. 711 Moslem. 1415 Portugal. 1580 Spain. 1810 Britain. 1814 Spain.

Chamberlain, Joseph. 1836-1914. English imperialist politician.

Chaykovsky, Nikolai. 1850-1926. Russian Socialist. Opposed Bolsheviks. Led counterrevolutionary government 1918-20.

Cherubini, Luigi. 1760-1842. Italian/French composer. Classical form; French opera.

Chesterton, G.K. 1874-1936. English satirical essayist/novelist: Napoleon of Notting Hill 1904. “Socialism aims to take capital out of the hands of the few and put it into the hands of the fewer-the politicians.”

Chetniks. 1907-45. Serbian nationalist guerillas.

Chevalier, Maurice. 1888-1972. French singer and actor. Innocents of Paris 1929.

Chirico, Giorgio de. 1888-1978. Greek/It surrealist painter.

Chouans. 1793-1815. Breton peasants and smugglers, joined Vendée Royalists.

Christian X. Danish king 1912-47. Symbol of Danish Resistance. Imprisoned by Nazis 1943-5. Women’s vote 1915. Independent Iceland 1918.

Christian Socialism. 19C. Kingsley’s appeal to upper class to help the masses.

Chuikov, Vasily. 1900-82. Russian WWII General. Defended Stalingrad.

Cid, El. (Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar). c1043-99. Spanish hero, who fought for Moors and Christians. Idealized in 1140 epic El Cantar de mio Cid. Conquered and ruled Valencia 1094-99.

Cimabue, Giovanni. c1240-1302. Italian painter. Broke from Byzantine to natural style by characterizing individuals. St. John. Pisa Cathedral. Sta Trinita Madonna c1290.

Cimarosa, Dominico. 1749-1801. Italian comic opera composer.

Cisalpine Republic. 1797-1802. North Italy, created by Napoleon. 1802 Italian Republic. 1805-15 Kingdom of Italy.

Citroën, André. 1878-1935. French Industrialist, automobile company.

Clare, Gilbert de. 1243-95. Led Barons War, but became Royalist.

Classical. 500-300BC Greek Art. Idealized figure sculptures. Doric, Ionic, Corinthian architecture. Praxiteles. Roman Art. 1C BC-2C AD. Greek forms; added arch. Sculpture: realistic portraits, dramatic bas-relief.

826 more results ...