Radziwill. 15-18C. Polish-Lithuanian royal family.

Rahman, Mujibur. 1920-75. Bangladesh Awami Leader. Prime Minister 1972-, President 1974-. Murdered in coup.

Ramillies, Battle. 1706. Churchill wins most of Belgium for Britain from France.

Ramiro I. First King of Aragon 1035-63. Took lands from brother and Moors.

Red Guards. 1966-69. Paramilitary student units during Chinese Cultural Revolution.

Reform Bills. England. 1832: Russell redistributes Parliamentary seats, enfranchises renters. 1867: Disraeli enfranchises workers in towns. 1884: Gladstone enfranchises agricultural workers. Representation of People Acts.

Reich, Second. 1871-1918. German Empire under Kaisers William I, II.

Resistance. WWII underground paramilitary groups in German-occupied countries, notably France. Partisans. Maquis.

Revera, Miguel Primo de. Primo de Revera, Miguel.

Rice Riots. 1837. Japan. Famine led to riots, reform.

Rights, Bill of. 1689. Established power of British Parliament over taxes, laws, army. Protestant Succession. William and Mary.

Rijswijk, Treaty. 1697. Ended War of Grand Alliance. William III acknowledged. Territories restored.

Robert I. Duke of Normandy 1027-35. Father of William I.

Robert II. 1054-1134. Duke of Normandy 1087-1106. Son of William I. Led First Crusade.

Rothschild, Meyer. 1744-1812. German banking family patriarch.

Saint-Saëns, Camille. 1835-1921. French composer. Symphonic Poems. Carnival of Animals 1886. Samson et Delila 1888.

Salamis, Battle. 480BC. Greek naval victory over superior Persian fleet.

Sargon of Akkad. Mesopotamian king c2334-2279BC. Conquered Sumer, founded First Semitic dynasty.

Sarsfield, Patrick. -1693. Irish Jacobite vs William III.

Scipio. 3-1C BC Family of Roman leaders, generals.

Seleucids. 312-64BC. Hellenistic kingdom founded by Alexander’s general, Seleucus. Syria, Persia, Mesopotamia.

Semiramis. Assyrian queen, goddess. Founded Babylon.

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Pyramids 4700-2160BC. Mausolus Tomb 353BC. Artemis Temple at Ephesus c550BC. Hanging Gardens of Babylon 600BC. Colossus of Rhodes 280BC. Zeus Statue at Olympia 450BC. Lighthouse at Alexandria c282BC.

Shamil. 1798-1871. Moslem guerilla leader vs Russia in Crimean War.

Sidmouth, First viscount. 1757-1844. British Prime Minister 1801-4. Treaty of Amiens. Peterloo Massacre.

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