Krupp. 1587-1968. German family of arms manufacturers. Steel works 1812. Canon 1847. Used slave labour in WWII.

Lamia. Greek female demon, killed and ate children.

Lamian War. 323-322BC. Greek city-states rebel vs Macedonian rule. Defeated by Antipater.

LaRochefoucauld, Francois. 1613-80. French epigramist, moralist. Memoires and Maxims 1665-78.

Latrobe, Benjamin. 1764-1820. US Greek Revival architect. Rebuilt Capitol 1814.

Lauder, Harry. 1870-1950. Scot singer/composer: Roamin’ in the Gloamin’.

Lie, Jonas. 1833-1908. Norwegian realistic novelist. Family at Gilje 1883.

Linnaeus, Carolus. 1707-78. Swedish botanist. Created Latin genus/species naming convention. Systema Naturae 1735. Philosophia Botanica 1751. Classified Homo Sapiens 1766.

Maccabees. -63BC Jewish family. Led revolt vs Seleucids 168BC. Reconsecrated Temple of Jerusalem.

Mackenzie, William Lyon. 1795-1861. Led failed revolt vs Family Compact in Upper Canada 1837.

Malatesta. 13-16C. Italian family. Ruled Rimini.

March First Movement. SAMIL. 1919 Korean demonstration for independence from Japan.

Marlborough, John Churchill, Duke of. 1650-1722. English general vs Louis XIV in War of Spanish Succession. Blenheim. Malplaquet. Ramillies.

Mary II. 1662-94. Queen of England with William III, 1689-. Expelled her father, James II.

Mastaba. First Dynasty Egyptian tombs. Inspired pyramids.

Mather. 17-18C. Family of influential American Puritan ministers.

Medici. Merchant family. Ruled Florence 1434~1737. Patron of Italian Renaissance arts. Catherine. Marie. Popes Leo X, Clement VII, Leo XI.

Menkure. 2500BC. Smallest Giza pyramid.

Mesopotamia. 5000BC. Tigris-Euphrates river plain where civilization began. 550BC Persia. 331BC Alexander. 115 Rome. 637 Moslem. 13C Mongol. 1534 Ottoman. Babylon. Akkad. Ur. Iraq.

Mesopotamia, Battle. 1914-16. WWI. British advance from Basra to Babylon.

Monaco. 10C BC Phoenicia. 5C BC Phocean. Rome. 9C Saracen. 1191 Genoa. 1297 Grimaldi family. 1524 Spanish protectorate. 1641 French protectorate. 1792 French. 1815 Sardinia.1861 Grimaldi, French protectorate. Will revert to France when no male heir.

Mortimer. English royal family. Edmund’s royal marriage 14C led to 15C Yorkist claims vs Henry IV. Edward IV.

Mufti. Moslem lawyers. Advise court in Islamic law.

Muhammadan Era. Began 622 AD, AH 0 of Islamic Calendar. Dates from Hijrah. Christian Era.

Muhlenberg. German/US family. Founded US Lutheranism 18-19C.

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