Guelfs and Ghibellines. 1154-15C. Rival factions responsible for feuds in Germany and Italy. Welfs.

Guerra Santa (Holy War). 1848. Unsuccessful Italian revolution. Garibaldi. Mazzini.

Harun-ar-Rashid. c764-809. Abbasid Caliph, 786-. Subject of One Thousand and One Nights.

Hawaii. c400 Polynesians. 1778 Cook discovers = Sandwich Is. 1795 UK. 1894 Republic. 1898 US. 1959 State.

Hearst, Wm Randolph. 1863-1951. US newspaper giant: San Francisco Examiner.

Hébert, Jacques. 1757-94. French revolutionary extremist. Led Sansculottes. Cult of Reason.

Herzen, Aleksandr. 1812-70. Russian revolutionary writer.

Hetaerae. Greek independent courtesans.

Hofer, Andreas. 1767-1810. Austrian. Led peasant rebellions vs French and Bavarians 1809-10.

Hooft, Pieter. 1581-1647. Dutch Renaissance poet and playwright.

Hope Hawkins, Anthony. 1863-1933. English author. Prisoner of Zenda 1894.

Iran. (Persia). 3000BC Elamite. 9C BC Median. 549 Achaemenid emp. 330 Alexander...Seleucid. 2C BC Arsacid. 224 Sassanid. 7C Moslem. 10C Local dynasties. 11C Seljuk Turks. 13C Mongol. 1501 Safavid. 1736 Nader Shah. 1795 Kajar dynasty 19C Britain, Russia dispute. 1925 Pahlavi coup. 1935 = Iran. 1979 Islamic Revolution, Khomeini dictator. Islamic Republic.

Jacquerie Revolt. 1358. French peasants revolt vs tax increases to support Hundred Years War. Marcel.

Jordaens, Jacob. 1593-1678. Flemish painter. Boisterous scenes of peasant life. Allegory 1625.

Juárez, Benito. 1806-72. Mexican hero. Leader 1855~. Overthrew Santa Anna. La Reforma.

Kerensky, Aleksandr. 1881-1970. Russian Revolutionary leader. Prime Minister 1917. Liberal Socialist Provisional government.

Kerensky Offensive. 1917. Failed attack on Germans in Galicia by Kerensky Provisional government.

Kornilov, Lavr. 1870-1918. Russian general. Kerensky’s Commander-in-Chief, 1917. Failed coup vs Kerensky. Led Anti-Bolshevik White Army.

Krishnamurti, Jiddu. 1895-1986. Indian religious philosopher. Headed World Order of the Star with Besant.

Kyi, Aung San Suu. 1945-. Burmese. Leader of nonviolent movement for human rights in Myanmar. House arrest 1989-95.

Labourers, Statute. 1351. Parliament’s freezing of rising wages after plague leads to Peasants Revolt.

Lasso, Orlando di. c1530-94. Flemish polyphonic Renaissance composer. Motets 1556.

Lausanne, Peace. 1923. Greco-Turkish War. Resettlement of 1.35M Greeks, 430K Turks.

Lausanne, Treaty. 1912. Turkey cedes Tripoli to Italy after Italo-Turkish War. 1932. Ended German WWI reparations despite US rejection.

Leonardo da Vinci. 1452-1519. Florentine painter, writer, sculptor, scientist. Prototypical Renaissance Man. Sfumato. Laws of Flight. Adoration of Magi 1479. Last Supper 1495. Mona Lisa 1503. Parachute 1480.

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