Themis. Greek goddess of wisdom, justice.

Theodora. c500-48. Byzantine Empress, adviser, wife of Justinian I.

Theodore Studites, St. 759-826. Led iconoclasm opposition.

Theorell, Axel. 1903-82. Swedish biochemist. Enzyme oxidation.

Thessaloniki. 315BC Rebuilt by Cassander. 168BC Rome...Byzantine. 42BC Independent. 8-12C Many conquerers. 904 Saracen. 1185 Norman. 1246 Byzantine. 1423 Venice. 1430 Turks. 1913 Greece.

Third Coalition, War. 1805. England, Austria, Russia, Sweden beaten by France, Spain despite Trafalgar victory. Ulm. Austerlitz. Coalition.

Third Estate. Part of States General 1789. National Assembly. French Revolution.

Thirteen Colonies. 1776. British colonies in North America which formed the United States: Virginia, Massachussets, New York, Maryland, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Delaware, New Hampshire, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Georgia.

Thomas, St. Apostle. Sought evidence of Resurrection.

Thomas, Sydney. 1850-85. English metallurgist.

Thomas Aquinas, St. 1225-74. Italian Dominican scholar. 5 Proofs of God. An eternal law governs all physical and moral behaviour. Summa Theologica. Thomism. Reconciled Aristotle’s reason with Christian faith.

Thomism. Philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. Truth from observation, logic and faith.

Thomson, Joseph. 1856-1940. English discoverer that cathode rays are electrons 1897.

Thoreau, Henry. 1817-62. US naturist, anarchist essayist: Civil Disobedience 1848. Walden 1854.

Thorvaldsen, Bortel. c1770-1844. Danish Neoclassical sculptor.

Thoth. Egyptian god of learning. Kept records of dead. Also messenger god = Hermes. Hermetic Texts.

Thousand, Expedition of the. 1860. Garibaldi takes Sicily, Naples for Victor Emmanuel II.

Three Emperors’ League. 1873-75, 1881-87. Secret Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia. For mutual peace and to isolate France.

Three Feudatories, Revolt. 1673-81. Ming generals unsuccessful revolt vs Manchu Empire.

Thugs. Indian religious sect suppressed by British. Killed travellers to offer to goddess Kali.

Tientsin, Treaty. 1858. British, French concessions established.

Tientsin Massacre. 1870. 20 French killed. China apologizes. End of China/Western co-operation.

Tiffany, Louis. 1848-1933. US art-nouveau decorator. Colored glass works.

Tiglath-pileser III. -727BC. Assyrian king c745-. Expanded empire to Persia, Babylon.

Tigris-Euphrates. SW Asian river system. Assyrian, Chaldean civilizations.

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