LaFayette, Marie. 1634-93. First psychological novelist. Princess of Cleves 1678.

LaFollette, Robert. 1855-1925. US Progressive Party leader. Presidential candidate 1924.

Laing, R.D. 1927-89. British Existential psychologist. Madness as form of self-expression.

Laissez-Faire. Motto of 19C liberals calling for free markets and trade. Smith. “Laissez-faire, laissez-passer, laissez-aller”-Legendre 1680.

Lamarck, Jean de. 1744-1829. French evolutionary biologist. Classified vertebrates 1809. Transformism 1809. Lysenko.

Lamb, Charles. 1775-1834. English poet and essayist. Essays of Elia 1820-33.

Lame Duck. Non-reelected office holder in office awaiting successor.

Lanark. 1779-1830. Owen’s cooperative Scottish business. 10½ hour day. Health and pension insurance.

Land Decree. 1917. Confiscation of private property in Russia.

Land League. 1879. Irish association to reduce rents. Agitated for Home Rule. Parnell.

Landsgemeinde. Swiss canton meeting. Direct democracy.

Landsteiner, Karl. 1868-1943. Austrian/US. Discovered ABO blood types 1901, Rh factor 1940.

Langtry, Lily. 1853-1929. English beauty/actress. Favourite of Edward VII as Prince of Wales.

Laos. 14C Buddhist Lan Xang. 18C Vientiane(C)/ Luang Prabang(N)/ Champassak(S). 19C Siam. 1893 French protectorate. 1942 Japanese occupy. 1946 French. 1953 Independent...civil wars. 1975 Lao People’s Democratic Republic. 1991 New Constitution and freedoms.

Lapse, Doctrine of. British East India Company claimed control of any state where direct royal line ended causing Indian Mutiny 1857. Dalhousie.

Larousse, Pierre. 1817-75. French lexicographer. Great Universal Dictionary of the XIXth Century 1866-76.

Las Casas, Bartolomé de. 1474-1566. Spanish missionary to South America. New Laws 1542. Historia de las Indias.

La Salle, Robert. 1643-87. French explorer of Louisiana, Mississippi 1682.

Lassalle, Ferdinand. 1825-64. German Socialist. 1848 Revolutionary Movement.

Lasso, Orlando di. c1530-94. Flemish polyphonic Renaissance composer. Motets 1556.

Lassus, Roland de. 1531-94. Composer of masses, madrigals in Franco-Belgian style.

Latvia. 9C Varangian. 1158 Teutonic Knights. 1561 Poland(S). 1629 Sweden(N). 1721 Russian(N)...1795 Russian(all). 1918 Independent republic. 1934 Ulmanis dictator. 1940 USSR. 1941-45 German occupation. 1991 Independent.

Lauderdale, John. 1616-82. Scottish statesman. Cabal Ministry. Repressive rule of Scotland.

Laurens, Henry. 1724-92. US President of Continental Congress 1777-8. Captured by British. Exchanged for Cornwallis.

Lavater, Johann. 1741-1801. Swiss father of physiognomics, 1775.

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