Russo-Polish War. 1919-20. Polish attempt to liberate Ukraine repulsed.

Russo-Turkish Wars. 16-19C. Russia gains Black Sea to Balkans from crumbling Ottoman Empire in 10 wars. Assist Serb, Romanian independence. Crimean War.

Ruyter, Michiel. 1607-76. Dutch admiral defeated British in Anglo-Dutch wars.

Sacred Wars. 6-4C BC. Greek city-states, for control of of shrine at Delphi.

Sadat, Anwar al-. 1918-81. Egyptian president 1970- Aided Nasser’s 1952 coup. 1977 Addressed Israeli Knesset. Peace with Israel 1979. Camp David. Assassinated.

Salbai, Treaty. 1782. Ends first Maratha War.

Salisbury, Third Marquess. 1830-1903. British Imperialist Prime Minister 1885~1902. Fashoda. Boer War. Splendid Isolation.

Samnite Wars. 4-3C BC. 3 wars by which Rome conquered central, south Italy.

Samurai. 11C-1868. Japanese warriors. Basis of Shogun power.

San Jacinto, Battle. 1836. Mexican defeat means Texas indepence. Mexican War.

San Stefano, Treaty. 1878. Ended Russo-Turkish War. Independence for Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria. Congress of Berlin.

Santa Anna, Antonio de. 1794-1876. Mexican general, president 1833~47. Defeated at San Jacinto, Mexican War.

Santiago, Battle. 1898. Final Cuban victory over Spain, Spanish American War.

Sapir, Edward. 1884-1939. Polish/US linguist. Studied North American Indian languages.

Saxe, Maurice, comte de. 1696-1750. French commander, War of Austrian Succession.

Scaevola, Quintus. -82BC. Roman consul. Law limiting citizenship led to Social War.

Schmalkaldic League. 1531-47. Failed alliance of Protestant Princes vs HRE to defend Lutheranism. War 1546-7.

Schönbrunn, Peace. 1809. Austria lost land to France, Russia, Bavaria, Warsaw in Napoleonic Wars.

Schwarzenberg, Karl, Fürst zu. 1771-1820. Austrian. Commanded with Napoleon in Russia. Later led Allies vs Napoleon.

Scripps, Edward. 1854-1926. US publisher. Founded United Press news service 1907.

Sebastapol, Siege. 1854. 11 mos. Allied Crimean War victory. First trench warfare. Florence Nightingale.

Secularism. Humanism. Movement toward “this-worldliness”.

Sekhmet. Egyptian war goddess with lion’s head.

Seminole Wars. 1817-18, 1835-42. Seminole Indians forced out of Florida.

Serbo-Turkish War. 1876-8. Serbia aids Christian rebellion in Bosnia. Loss caused Russo-Turkish War, Serbian independence 1878. Berlin Treaty.

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