Schiller, Friedrich. 1759-1805. German Romantic writer of historical dramas and lyric poetry. Popularized William Tell 1804. -“inner direction” Wallenstein 1800.

Schlegel, August von. 1767-1854. German Romantic scholar, Shakespeare translator.

Schlegel, Friedrich von. 1772-1829. German Romantic critic.

Schubert, Franz. 1797-1828. Austrian Romantic symphonic composer of lyrical beauty. Created German lieder. “The most poetic of musicians”-Liszt. A Minor Symphony 1822. Unfinished Symphony1822.

Schumann, Robert. 1810-56. German Romantic piano, choral composer. Lyrical works. Spring Symphony 1841. Rhenish Symphony 1850.

Scipio. 3-1C BC Family of Roman leaders, generals.

Scipio Africanus Major. 236-183BC. Roman general. Pushed Carthaginians from Spain. Defeated Hannibal at Zama 202.

Scipio Africanus Minor. 185-129BC. Roman Consul, censor, general. Conquered, destroyed Carthage.

Scott, Walter. 1771-1832. Prolific Scottish Romantic historical novelist. Lady of the Lake 1810; Waverley 1814; Ivanhoe 1819.

Senate. 509BC. Roman governing body. 401BC Plebians admitted. 44BC lost most power to Caesar.

Seneca, Lucius. c4BC-65. Roman stoic philosopher, dramatist. Influenced Renaissance drama.

Severus, Lucius. 146-211. Roman Emperor. 193-. Began absolute despotism.

Shapur I. -272. Sassanid king. Captured Roman Emperor Valerian 260.

Shapur II. 309-379. Persian king. Halted Roman invasion. Acquired Armenia.

Shimabara Rebellion. 1637-8. Japanese Catholics vs taxes.

Sidoine Apollinaire. 430-472. Roman poet, Bishop of Clermont-Ferrand.

Silver Age. c14-130. Roman literary period.

Spanish Succession, War. 1701-14. Britain, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs Spain, France. Opposed French Philip V succession to Spanish throne creating power imbalance. Queen Anne’s War.

SPQR Senatus Populusque Romanus. = The Senate and People of Rome.

St-Denis Basilica. 1137-44. Romanesque-Gothic transformation point. Burial place of French kings. Suger.

Stilicho , Flavius. c365-408. Roman general. Repulsed Goths, Vandals.

Succession States. 1918. Former Austria-Hungary territories: Czechoslovakia, Romania, Yugoslavia, Poland, Austria, Hungary.

Suetonius. c69-122. Roman biographer. Lives of the Caesars.

Sulla, Lucius. 138-78BC. Roman consul 88-79. Dictator 82-79. Civil war with Marius. Murdered thousands of opponents. Conquered Athens. Constitutional reforms.

Swiss War. 1712. Protestant cantons establish dominance over Catholic.

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