Old Catholics. 1870. Catholic sect vs papal infallibility. Joined Church of England 1931.

Ops. Roman goddess of harvest, fertility. = Rhea.

Orcus. Roman god of underworld and dead. = Hades.

Orestes. -476. Roman general. Deposed Nepos for his son, Romulus Augustulus.

Orsini. 12C-. Influential Roman family. Popes Celestine III, Nicholas III, Benedict XIII.

Otakar II. -1278. King of Bohemia 1252-. Killed at Dürnkrut opposing HRE Rudolf I.

Otto I. The Great. 912-73. King of Germany, 936-. Founded Holy Roman Empire, 962. Deposed Pope John XII.

Ovid. 43BC-17 AD. Roman poet: Art of Love. Tristia. Metamorphoses.

Pacification of Ghent. 1576. Catholic, Protestant truce in Netherlands to revolt vs Spanish occupiers.

Padilla, Juan de. 1490-1521. Spanish revolutionary. Led Communeros vs Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. Executed.

Palladian. Classical Roman British architecture. 1615-35 and 1715-60. Inigo Jones. Palladio.

Palladio, Andrea. 1508-80. Italian architect. Reintroduced Roman symmetry and proportion to Venetian villas. Suspension Bridge 1550. Architecture 1570.

Pannonia. c35BC Roman province. Hungary, Austria, north Yugoslavia, Slovakia.

Papal States. 756-1870. Italian territory under Pope. Recognized 1279 by HRE; lost during Italian Unification. Pepin Donation.

Parnassians. 1867-99. French detached anti-Romantic poetry school. Leconte de Lisle. Sully-Prudhomme. Verlaine. Gautier. Baudelaire.

Patricians. -287BC. Roman upper class. Plebeians. Nobiles.

Paul IV. Pope 1555-9. Curtailed corruption. Roman Inquisition. Created Jewish ghetto in Rome 1555.

Paullus, Aemilius. 229-160BC. Roman victor at Pydna, 168BC. Ended Macedonian War.

Pavia, Battle. 1525. Holy Roman Empire defeats France. Madrid Treaty.

Pavia, Battle. 476. Odoacer defeats Romans, ending Western Roman Empire.

Pax. Roman goddess of peace.

Pax Romana. 27BC-193. Period of Roman peace and prosperity begun by Augustus.

Penates. Roman household gods.

Persius. 34-62. Roman satirical poet. Stoic.

Petit Pont. 1852. Bridge across Seine at site of original Roman crossing.

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