Giulio Romano. 1492-1546. Italian Mannerist painter, architect. Palazzo del Te 1525/6.

Gladiators. 264BC-5C. Roman armed combatants for entertainment.

Gobineau, Joseph. 1816-82. Rationalized anti-semitism and Aryan supremacy. Essay on Inequality of Human Races 1353-5.

Godoy, Manuel de. 1767-1851. Spanish Prime Minister 1792~1808. Battle of Trafalgar and Fontainebleau Treaty.

Goering, Hermann. 1893-1946. German WWI flying ace, Nazi Prime Minister. Gestapo. Condemned at Nuremberg. Suicide.

Goethe, Johann. 1749-1832. German writer: Meister’s Apprenticeship 1796. Faust 1808-32. Memories 1809. Sturm und Drang.

Gold Standard. 1821-1937. Definition of national currencies in terms of gold purchasing power. Ended: 1931 Britain, 1933 USA, 1936 France. Friedman. Bretton Woods.

Golden Age. Peaceful period of man’s innocence. Greek equivalent of Eden.

Golden Bull. 1356. Charles IV edict eliminating papal power in selection of Holy Roman Emperor.

Golden House. 65. Nero’s huge Roman palace.

Goldman, Emma. 1869-1940. Russian/US anarchist. Deported from US, 1919.

Goncalves Dias, Antonio. 1823-64. Romantic “National” poet of Brazil.

Good Emperors. 96-169. Romans, Nerva to Verus.

Goodman, Benny. 1909-86. US clarinetist/ bandleader. “King of Swing”.

Gordon Riots. 1780. NoPopery Riots led by Lord Gordon to demand Catholic Relief Act repeal.

Gothic Art. 13C-. Church sculpture, illuminated manuscripts. Less idealized than Classical. Emotions portrayed.

Goths. Germanic people of S Scandinavia. Invaded Europe, 3-4C. Visigoths and Ostrogoths.

Gottfried von Strassbourg. 13C. German poet. Tristan and Isolde.

Gower, John. -1408. English poet. Confessio Amantis 1393. Vox Clamantis 1384.

Gracchus, Tiberius. c163-133BC. Roman tribune 133, reformer. Killed in riot. Scipio.

Gräfe, Albrecht. 1828-70. German ophthalmologist. Glaucoma, 1857. Cataract treatment, 1867.

Grand Alliance, War of. 1689-97. Spain, Sweden, England, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs French expansionism. Negotiated Peace. King William’s War. Namur. Augsburg League.

Grande Armée. 1805-12. Napoleon’s 1,000,000 man army; combined smaller armies for central control.

Grant, Ulysses S. 1822-85. Commander-in-Chief Union army 1864-5 in US Civil War. President 1869-77.

Grass, Günter. 1927-. German writer. Tin Drum 1959.

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