Romanticism. 18C Philosophical movement rooted in Pietism. Began in Germany. Spread across Europe in 19C.

Rosso Fiorentino. 1495-1540. Mannerist painter. Descent from Cross 1521.

Rubens, Peter Paul. 1577-1640. Flemish Baroque painter. Sensuous works. Descent from Cross 1611. Médicis cycle 1621-5. Peace and War c1630.

Rubicon. Italian river crossed by Caesar to wage war vs Roman Senate 49BC.

Simon of Cyrene. Carried Jesus’ cross.

Trajan. 53-117. Spanish Roman Emperor 98-. First bridge across Danube. Column 106. Aqueduct 109. Extended Suez Canal.

Trenton, Battle. 1776. Washington crosses Delaware to defeat British.

Victoria Cross. 1856. British medal for bravery.

Webb, Matthew. 1848-83. English. First to swim across English Channel, 1875.

Xerxes I. 519-465BC. King of Persia, invaded Attica. Victor at Thermopylae. Salamis defeat preserved Greek independence. Crossed Hellespont 480BC.