Transkei. Bantu territory of South Africa. 1962 Self government. 1976 Independence recognized, but only by South Africa.

Transportation. Removal of criminals to a distant place. 1783-1868 British send 160,000 to Australia. 1854-1946. French send to French Guiana. 1710- Russia banishes to Siberia.

Transvaal. Bantu. 1836 Boers settle. Great Trek. 1855 South African Republic. 1877 British. 1881 Self-government. 1900 British. 1907 Self-governed. 1910 Union of South Africa.

Transylvania. 1C BC Dacia. 106 Rome. 270 Barbarians. 1003 Hungary. 1526 Ottoman/autonomous. 1699 Hapsburg/autonomous. 1867 Hungary. 1918 Romania. 1940-45 Hungary(N).

Trappists. 1664-. Cistercian monks. Austerity, silence.

Trasimeno, Battle. 217BC Victory of Hannibal over Romans.

Travis, William. 1811-36. Texas revolutionary commander killed at Alamo.

Treaty Ports. Japan, China forced by west to open ports to foreign trade. Opium Wars.

Trenchard, Hugh. 1873-1956. British Flying Corps Commander. “Father of the RAF” 1918.

Trent Affair. 1861. US sieze British mail ship in Civil War, remove two Confederate commissioners.

Trident Conference. 1943. Secret meeting of Roosevelt, Churchill to plan Normandy Invasion.

Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad: Arawak. 1498 Columbus discovers for Spain. Natives die. 1797 British. Tobago: Carib. 1781 France. 1814 British. 1962 Independent. 1976 Republic.

Triple Alliance. 1668 England, United Provinces, Sweden vs France to protect Spanish Netherlands. 1717 France, England, Dutch Republic vs Spain...Quadruple Alliance. 1788-90 British, Dutch Republic, Prussia vs spread of Russo-Swedish War. 1795. England, Austria, Russia vs threat of French Revolution.1882-1914. Germany, Austria, Italy vs Triple Entente.

Triple Alliance, War of. 1865-70. Paraguayan War.

Triple Entente. 1893 France, Russia. 1904 +British-France. 1907 -Russia.

Tripolitan War. 1801-5. US vs Barbary pirates who demanded tribute to the Pasha of Tripoli.

Triumvirate. 60BC. Caesar, Pompey, Crassus. 43BC. Octavian, Antony, Lepidus.

Trivium. Grammar, rhetoric, logic. Quadrivium.

Tromp, Marten. 1598-1653. Dutch admiral. Defeated Spain 1639 at Downs.

Tropez, St. Decapitated by Nero, his body set adrift with a dog and cock was untouched until it came to rest at St. Tropez, France.

Trotskyists. 1965-75. Revolutionary radical-left syndicalist movements propounding Trotsky’s theory of permanent revolution.

Troubadours. 11-13C. Wandering lyric poets of south France and Italy.

Trouvères. 11-13C. Lyric poets of north France. Imitated troubadours.

Trucial States. 1820-1971. 7 Arab emirates under British protectorate, renewed truces annually. United Arab Emirates.

Trudeau, Pierre. 1919-2000. Canadian Liberal Prime Minister 1969~84. Constitution Act 1982; Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

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