Sugar Act. 1764. British law to end sugar smuggling. A cause of American Revolution.

Sukarno. 1901-70. Indonesian nationalist leader, president 1949-67. Sought communist ties. Authoritative ‘guided democracy’.

Suleiman I. The Magnificent. 1494-1566. Ottoman sultan 1520-. Expanded Empire to Yugoslavia, Hungary, Greece. Besieged Vienna. Cultural expansion. Barbarossa II.

Sullivan, Louis. 1856-1924. US architect. Skyscrapers. Carsonn Pirie Scott Store, Chicago 1899-1904.

Sully, duc de. 1560-1641. French Finance minister to Henry IV. Helped rebuild France after Wars of Religion.

Sully, Maurice de. 1120-96. Bishop; built Notre-Dame Cathedral, 1159-.

Sumatra. 7C Hindu kingdom. 11C Srijava kingdom. 1509 Portugal settle.16C British, Dutch dispute. 19C Dutch colony. 1942-45 Japanese occupy. 1950 Indonesia.

Sumerians. c6000-2000BC Civilization in Tigris-Euphrates valley. First writing system. First legal code. Akkad. Ur.

Sumter, Fort. 1861. Confederate attack. First aggression of American Civil War.

Sunday School. 1580 Milan. 1780 England. 1786 Virginia. Raikes.

Sunni. Majority orthodox Moslem sect who follow Sunnah, traditional legal, social practices. Shi’ite.

Suprematism. 20C. Russian school of geometric abstract art.

Surrealism. 1920-. Artistic and literary movement dealing with the expression of the subconscious mind, fantasy, dreams. Klee, Dali, de Chirico, Chagall.

Suzerainty. Authority over a state’s foreign affairs by another state.

Sviatoslav. 920-72. Varangian Duke of Kiev 945-. Expansion creates empire.

Swabia. Celt. 1C Suevi. 3C +Alemanni =Swabians. c500 Franks. 1079 Hohenstaufen dynasty. 1286 Divided. 1488-1534 Swabian League.

Swahili. Bantu people and language of Central Africa.

Swaziland.16C Bantu...19C Swazi. 1881 Independence guaranteed. 1894 South African protectorate. 1902 British protectorate. 1968 Independent kingdom.

Swedish Academy. 1786. Awards Nobel Literature prizes.

Swift, Jonathon. 1667-1745. Anglo-Irish satirist writer. Gulliver’s Travels 1726.

Swiss Guards. 1505- Swiss Mercenaries protecting monarchs, Pope. 600 massacred at Tuileries 1791. 1825- Incorporated in Vatican forces. Julius II.

Swithin, St. c800-862. Rain fell when his body was moved, July 15, 971. (St. Swithin’s Day).

Switzerland. Celts (Helvetii). 58BC Rome. 5C Alemanni, Burgundians. 6C Frank. 962 HRE. 1291 3 Cantons unite vs Hapsburgs. 1515- Neutral. 1648 Indepence recognized. 1815 Neutrality recogognized.

Sykes-Picot Agreement. 1916. France, Britain agree on post WWI partition of Ottoman Empire.

Symbolists. 19C French literary movement expressing truth subjectively by symbols. Spread to art, music. Verlaine. Mallarmé. Munch.

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