Rauschenberg, Robert. 1925-. US Pop artist. Collage. Trapeze 1964.

Ravachol, François. 1859-92. French anarchist. Guillotined.

Ravaillac, Francois. 1578-1610. Assassin of Henry IV. Quartered.

Ravel, Maurice. 1875-1937. French Impressionist composer. Adopted new forms such as jazz and atonality. Boléro 1928.

Ravenna. 402 Western Roman Empire capital. 476 Ostrogothic capital of Italy. 553 Byzantine. 751 Lombard. 754 Franks. 1278 Papal States. 1441 Venice. 1509 Papal States. 1859 Sardinia. 1861 Italy.

Ray, Man. 1890-1976. US Dada painter/photographer.

Ray, Rammohan. 1772-1833. Indian Hindu scholar, translator. Helped abolish suttee.

Rayburn, Sam. 1882-1961. US Democratic Speaker of House. 48 yrs. in House of Representatives.

Rayleigh, Lord. 1842-1919. English physicist, wave theorist.

Raymond IV. c1041-1105. Count of Toulouse. Led First Crusade.

Raymond VI. 1156-1222. Fought Albigenses in Crusade.

Reagan, Ronald. 1911-2004. US actor, Republican President 1981-9. Tax reform. Strong economy. Aid to Nicaragua Contras. Irangate scandal. Fall of Soviet Empire.

Realism. General concepts have an existence independent of material things or names. Plato. St Anselm.

Rechabites. 10C BC Jewish ascetic pastoral sect.

Reconquista. 11C-1492 Campaign of Christians to recapture Spain, Portugal from Moslems. 1118 Aragon. 1238 Valencia. 1492 Granada.

Red Guards. 1966-69. Paramilitary student units during Chinese Cultural Revolution.

Redi, Francesco. 1626-97. Italian naturalist. Maggots from fly eggs, not spontaneous generation, 1668.

Reform Bills. England. 1832: Russell redistributes Parliamentary seats, enfranchises renters. 1867: Disraeli enfranchises workers in towns. 1884: Gladstone enfranchises agricultural workers. Representation of People Acts.

Reformation. 16C religious movement against practices of Roman Catholic church led to founding of Protestant churches. Luther. Calvin. Knox. Zwingli. Henry VIII.

Régence. c1700-30. Decorative arts style: Transition from heavy, linear to Rococo. Watteau.

Regency. 1800-30. Georgian Classicist architecture with tinge of exotic from the Empire. Stucco facing on brick. Nash. Soane. Hope. Sheraton. Decorative Arts: Neoclassical, Egyptian motifs.

Regency. France. 1715-23. Philippe, duc d’Orléans regent for Louis XV.

Registers, Parish. 1308 France. 1538 England.

Regium Donum. 1690~1869. Grant from monarch to Nonconformist ministers in Britain.

Rehoboam. -c914BC. Last king of united Israel. First king of Judah.

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