Münster, Sebastian. 1489-1552. German scholar. Hebrew Bible 1534-5. Geographica 1540. Cosmographia 1544.

Murad I. 1326-89. Ottoman sultan 1360-. Extended empire. Founded Janissaries.

Murasaki Shikibu. c978-1014. Japanese court lady, writer. Tales of the Genji 1001-5.

Murat, Joachim. 1767-1815. French marshal. Led Napoleon’s coup. King of Naples 1808-.

Muret, Battle. 1213. French nobles defeat Albigenses. Spanish influence ends in S France. Montfort.

Muromachi Period. 1338-1573. Japanese Ashikaga shoguns. Prosperity, foreign trade, Zen Buddhism.

Murray, James. 1722-94. First British governor of Quebec. Supported French residents. Recalled.

Murray, James. 1837-1915. Scottish/English editor of Oxford English Dictionary 1879-.

Murten, Battle. =Morat Battle.

Muscovy Company. 1555-1698. English company with monopoly on Russian trade. First joint-stock.

Muses. Nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne that preside over the areas of knowledge: Calliope-epics, Clio-history, Erato-love poems, Thalia-comedy, Melpomene- tragedy, Terpsichore-dance, Euterpe-music, Polyhymnia-sacred poems, Urania-astronomy.

Muslim Civil War. 656-61 Sunni Muawiya defeats Shi’ite Ali for leadership starting Umayyad dynasty. 683-92 Umayyad put down Syrian rebellion. 809-13 Iraq vs Iran. 1008-31 Moslem Spanish gain autonomy from Umayyad.

Murphy, Gerald and Sara. 1920-33 US expatriates in Paris, Antibes. Parties, salons for artists and writers. Models for Fitzgerald’s Tender is the Night.

Mutanabbi, al-. 915-65. Arab panegyric poet. Divan.

Muybridge, Eadweard. 1830-1904. English/US Photographic studies of motion 1872.

Myrdal, Gunnar. 1898-1987. Swedish economist/sociologist on racism. American Dilemma 1944.

Mysticism. Direct communication with God through spiritual, intuitive or transcendental means.

NAACP. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. 1909-. For US black civil rights. Niagara Movement. Du Bois.

Nabataeans. -105. Arab people who taxed Syria/Arabia trade route.

Nabis. 1890s. French painters opposed to Impressionism. Bold colors. Influenced Abstract Art. Bonnard. Denis.

Nadar. 1820-1910. French portrait photographer. First aerial photo 1856/8.

Nader, Ralph. 1934-. US pioneer consumer advocate. Unsafe at Any Speed 1965.

Nader Shah. 1688-1747. Severe ruler of Persia 1736-. Conquered Turks and northern India. Took Koh-i-noor diamond, Peacock Throne.

NAFTA. North American Free Trade Agreement. 1992. Eliminated most tarrifs in North America.

Naga. Hindu, Buddhist beings; ½ man, ½ serpent.

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