Federalist Party. 1787-1825. US first party founded by A. Hamilton for strong central government. In power 1791-1801.

Félibrige. 1854. Mistral’s Provençale revival movement.

Fellow Travellers. 1917. Russian writers not actively supporting the revolution. Communist sympathizers who are not party members.

Fénelon, François. 1651-1715. French theologian. Quietism 1696. Telemachus 1698.

Fenians. 1858. Secret US society of Irish emigrants seeking Irish autonomy. Raided Canada 1866,70,71.

Ferdinand II of Aragon. 1452-1516. Unified Spain with Isabella. Equipped Columbus. Expelled Moors and Jews. Began Inquisition.

Fermi, Enrico. 1901-54. Italian/US atomic physicist. Transuranic elements.

Ferrara-Florence, Council of. 1438-45. Failed attempt to re-unite Latin and Greek churches.

Fertile Crescent. 8000BC- ME region from Nile to Euphrates. Birthplace of civilization.

Festival of Federation. 14 July,1790. Celebration of first anniversary of Storming the Bastille. 300,000 people.

Festus, Sextus. 2C. Roman lexicographer. On the Meaning of Words.

Feudalism. 8-14C. Social system. Lord grants land rights (fiefs) to vassals in return for military or other service. Manorialism. Seignorialism.

Feuillants Club. 1791. French moderate monarchists.

Fianna Fáil. 1926-. Irish political party vs 1921 treaty. De Valera.

Fibonacci, Leonardo. 1170-1240. Pisa mathematician. Book of Abacus 1202. Fibonacci Numbers 1203. Practica Geometrica 1220.

Ficino, Marsilio. 1433-99. Italian philosopher. Translated Greek classics to Latin. Theologia Platonicum 1482.

Field of Cloth of Gold. 1520. Kings of France and England meet near Calais to propose alliances.

Fifteen Years War. 1591-1606. Austria vs Turkey over Transylvania. Stopped Turkish expansion in Europe.

Fifth Column. 1936. Fascists within besieged Madrid who assisted Franco’s attackers. Term generally applied to subversives since.

Filibusters. 1850s. US adventurers who illegally organized revolutions in Central America. Walker.

Finland. 7C Finns settle, displace Lapps. 1157 Sweden. 1809 Grand Duchy of Russia. 1919 Indepependent republic.

Finlay, Carlos. 1833-1915. Cuban. Discovered that Yellow Fever is transmitted by mosquitoes 1881. Reed.

Finsen, Niels. 1860-1904. Danish originator of ultraviolet therapy. Invented U-V bulb.

Firdusi. c930-c1020. Persian epic poet. Book of Kings 1010.

Fitzgerald, Edward. 1763-98. Irish rebel. Sought aid from France for 1798 uprising.

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