Jenkins’ Ear, War. 1739-43. England vs Spain over restrictions of trade with Spanish colonies...War of Austrian Succession. Spanish cut ear, 1731.

Jennings, Sarah. 1660-1744. Influential Duchess of Marlborough in court of Queen Anne.

Jerusalem. 3500BC settled. c1000BC David conquers for Israel. 721BC Assyrians conquer. Lost Tribes. 586BC Nebuchadnezzar. 539BC Cyrus. 332BC Alexander...320BC Ptolemy I Soter. 197BC Seleucid. 167BC Hasmonaean. 63BC Rome. 324 Byzantine. 614 Persia. 637 Moslem. 1099 Crusades. Latin Kingdom. 1187 Saladin. 1260 Mameluk. 1517 Ottoman. 1917 British Mandate. 1949 Israel/Jordan. 1967 Israel re-unites. 1996 Israel/Palestinian Authority.

Jesuit Estates Act. 1888. Quebec awards restitution to Jesuits for British land appropriation 1773.

Jezebel. -c843BC. “Wicked” wife of Ahab. Worshipped Baal.

Jibril. Islamic archangel. God’s messenger to Muhammad. = Gabriel.

Jimenez de Quesada, Gonzalo. c1495-1579. Spanish conquistador. Founded Bogota, Colombia.

Jimmu Tennõ. c660BC. Japan’s legendary first Emperor. Direct descendent of Sun goddess.

Joachim, St. Mary’s father.

John. The Fearless. 1371-1419. Duke of Burgundy 1404-. War vs Armagnacs.1407 conquered Paris, won crown. Assassinated by Armagnacs during negotiations.

John III. 1629-96. King of Poland 1674-. “Champion of Christendom” saved Vienna from Turks 1683.

John III. The Fortunate. 1502-57. King of Portugal 1521-. Instituted Inquisition.

John of Lancaster. 1389-1435. English regent of France. Allowed Joan of Arc’s execution.

Johnson, Andrew. 1808-75. US President 1865-9. Reconstruction. Civil Rights Act 1866. Barely acquitted in impeachment trial.

Johnson, James. 1871-1938. US poet, diplomat. Secretary of NAACP. God’s Trombones 1927.

Jones, Inigo. 1573-1652. English architect who introduced Palladian style. Greenwich House 1616. Whitehall Banquet Hall 1619.

Jones, John Paul. 1747-92. Scottish/American US Revolutionary naval hero. -“I have not yet begun to fight”.

Jorn, Asger. 1914-73. Danish Imaginist artist. Lettre à mon Fils 1957. L’avangarde se rende pas 1962.

Joshua. Old Testament hero. Led conquest of Canaan. Destroyed Jericho.

Josquin des Prés. c1445-1521. Flemish composer of motets and masses. Advanced musical expressiveness. -“Father of Musicians”.

Joyce, James. 1882-1941. Innovative Irish writer in Stream of Consciousness style. Experimented with linguistic techniques. Dubliners 1914. Portrait of the Artist 1916. Ulysses 1922. Finnegan’s Wake 1939.

Judith. Jewish heroine. Killed Holofernes, Nebuchadnezzar’s general.

Julian Calendar. 45BC-1582. Julius Caesar’s 90 day correction to calendar. Changed to 365.25 day year. Corrected by Gregory. Christian Era.

Juliana. 1909-. Queen of Netherlands 1948-80.

June Days. 1848. Paris workers uprising. Cavaignac’s military rule kills 10,000 to restore order.

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