Thomas Aquinas, St. 1225-74. Italian Dominican scholar. 5 Proofs of God. An eternal law governs all physical and moral behaviour. Summa Theologica. Thomism. Reconciled Aristotle’s reason with Christian faith.

Thomism. Philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. Truth from observation, logic and faith.

Thorndike, Edward. 1874-1949. US psychologist. Developed children’s intelligence test. Animal Intelligence 1898-1901.

Thrasybulus. -388BC. Refounded Athenian democracy 403BC after 30 Tyrants’ rule.

Three Emperors’ League. 1873-75, 1881-87. Secret Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia. For mutual peace and to isolate France.

Three Holy Children. Biblical Hebrews who survived Nebuchadnezzar’s furnace. Apocrypha.

Thutmose III. -1450BC. Egyptian king 1504BC-. Conqueror. Peak of Egyptian Empire.

Tiananmen (Tienanmen) Square. 1989 student demonstrations for increased freedom crushed by Chinese army.

Tissaphernes. -395BC. Persian satrap. Allied with Sparta. Reconquered Greek cities in Asia Minor.

Titania. Queen of the fairies.

Titanic. 1912. “Unsinkable” British ship sank on maiden voyage. 1513 died.

Tocqueville, Alexis de. 1805-59. French liberal historian. Democracy in America 1835. Dangers of Democracy.

Tokugawa. 1603-1868. Japanese Shogun dynasty. =Edo Period. Isolationist. Genroku arts of “floating world”.

Torah. 5-2C BC God’s revealed teaching to Jews. Pentateuch (First 5 chapters of Old Testament). Oral Torah=Hebrew bible.

Torquemada, Tomás de. 1420-98. Dominican Inquisitor General, Spain. Worst atrocities. Expelled Jews 1492.

Tostig. -1066. Brother of English Harold II. Aided William the Conqueror and Norway’s Harold III invasions of England.

Totila. -552. Ostrogoth king. Reconquered Italy.

Tour d’Argent. Paris restaurant where Henry IV learned the use of the fork.

Toussaint L’Ouverture, Francois. c1743-1803. Haitian rebel. Helped French expel Britain, Spain. Emancipated slaves. Established black governed French protectorate.

Tov. Ba’al Shem-Tov.

Trade Disputes Act. 1906. British unions immune from suits against members’ activities.

Trafalgar, Battle. 1805. Nelson’s victory over the French and Spanish fleets. British naval superiority secured. Nelson killed. Ends Napoleon’s plans to invade England.

Trajan. 53-117. Spanish Roman Emperor 98-. First bridge across Danube. Column 106. Aqueduct 109. Extended Suez Canal.

Transcendentalism. 1835-55. US philosophy. Man’s divinity and goodness. Insight over logic. Opposed to authority. Thoreau. Emerson. Channing.

Trenchard, Hugh. 1873-1956. British Flying Corps Commander. “Father of the RAF” 1918.

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