Chomsky, Noam. 1928-. US linguist. Invented transformational grammar. Language and the Mind.

Chopin, Fréderic. 1810-49. Polish/French composer of emotional expressiveness and pianist of great technical ability. Sand.

Chouans. 1793-1815. Breton peasants and smugglers, joined Vendée Royalists.

Chremonidean War. 267-261BC. Unsuccessful rebellion of Athens and Sparta vs Macedonians.

Christian II. King of Denmark and Norway, 1513-23; Sweden, 1520-3. End of Kalmar Union. Stockholm bloodbath.

Christian X. Danish king 1912-47. Symbol of Danish Resistance. Imprisoned by Nazis 1943-5. Women’s vote 1915. Independent Iceland 1918.

Christianity. World’s largest religion, based on acts and teachings of Jesus Christ, believed to be Son of God. Emphasises love for all..

Chu Teh. 1886-1976. Commander-in-Chief of Chinese Red Army. Long March.

Church of England. 1534. Anglican Church. National English church, founded by Henry VIII. Redefined by Elizabeth I, 1559. Act of Supremacy.

Church of Scotland. National Church of Scotland. Reformation led by Knox. 1560 Abolished pope. 1689 Presbyterian.

Cicero, Marcus. 106-43BC. Roman orator. Opposed Caesar and Antony. Executed. De Re Republica 54-51BC.

Cid, El. (Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar). c1043-99. Spanish hero, who fought for Moors and Christians. Idealized in 1140 epic El Cantar de mio Cid. Conquered and ruled Valencia 1094-99.

Cierva y Cordoniu, Juan de la. 1895-1936. Spanish autogyro inventor 1923. First vertical take-off 1934.

Cincinnatus. 5C BC. Roman hero and statesman.

Cinque Ports. 1067-1608. Association of English Channel ports to defend England.

Citroën, André. 1878-1935. French Industrialist, automobile company.

Clapham Sect. 1790-1830. Wilberforce’s social reformers and missionaries.

Clarendon Code. 1661-5. Suppressed religious dissent in England. Five Mile Act.

Clarendon Constitution. 1164. Henry II limits church power in England. Opposed by Becket.

Classicism. Art and architecture in imitation of Greek and Roman styles. Neoclassical.

Clearance of Scottish Highlands. 1790-1850. Increased sheep farming displaces tenant crofters.

Cleopatra VII. 69-30BC. Queen of Egypt, lover of Caesar and Antony. Suicide.

Clinton, Henry. 1738-95. Commander 1778-81. Blamed for British defeat in American Revolution.

Clotilda, St. c475-545. Converted her husband, Clovis.

Cloud, St. (Clodoald). Grandson of Clovis I.

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