Pompidou Centre. Beaubourg. 1972-7. Architects: Rogers and Piano. Paris modernistic art and activity center.

Pop Art. 1950-. Movement drawing from popular culture. Warhol. Lichtenstein.

Popular Fronts. 1930s. Political coalitions of opposing parties vs Fascists in France, Spain.

Port Arthur. Chinese port. 1894 Japan. 1895 China (Shimonoseki Treaty). 1898 Russia. 1904 Japan. 1945 USSR/China. 1955 China.

Porte St-Martin. Paris. 1674. Commemorates the capture of Besançon.

Positivism. Knowledge based on senses alone. Personal knowledge. Natural laws lead to social engineering to secure a happy society. Comte. Mill. Spencer. Logical Positivism.

Post-Impressionism. -1910. Modern art movement of solid color and forms as a reaction to Impressionism. Cezanne, Van Gogh, Gauguin.

Pravda. 1912. Newspaper of Russian Communist Party.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. 1848-53. British painters vs Royal Academy. Advocated return to simple classical naturalism. Painted with bright colors on white vs dark tones of the time. Rossetti. Millais. Hunt.

Presley, Elvis. 1935-77. US singer of rock, folk, gospel, and country music. 28M records sold. Heartbreak Hotel 1956.

Primitivism. Naive art by primitive peoples, children, or as an adopted style. Rousseau. Grandma Moses.

Progressive Conservative. 1854-. (Named 1942) Major Canadian political party. Bennet. Diefenbaker.

Prohibition Party. 1869-. US political party promoting Prohibition.

Protestantism. Christian doctrine based on faith instead of church dispensations. Reformation. Presbyterianism. Calvin. Luther.

Prud’hommes, Councils. Medieval French trade tribunals revived by Napoleon.

Psychophysical Parallelism. Mind and body run on synchronized clocks started by God, but do not interact. Guelinex.

Ptolemy. c140. Alexandrian. First cartographer. Promoted Hipparchus’ geocentric theory of solar system. Copernicus. Columbus studied his Geography.

Punic Wars. 264-241BC Rome gains Sicily from Carthage. Mylae. 218-201BC Rome defeats Hannibal attack, gains Spain. 149-146BC Rome destroys Carthage.

Purcell, Henry. 1658-1695. English chorale composer. First English opera. Dido and Aeneas 1689. King Arthur 1691. Fairy Queen 1692.

Pyramids, Battle. 1798. Napoleon wins access to Cairo.

Quartering Acts. 1765-70,74. Forced Colonies to pay for British troops stationed there. Intolerable Acts. Stamp Act.

Quatre Bars, Battle. 1815. Preliminary to Waterloo. Napoleon defeats Prussians.

Quebec. 1534 Cartier discovers. 1608 French colony. 1763 British. 1867 Founding province of Canada.

Québecois, Parti. Political party dedicated to separating Quebec from Canada. Despite 1976 election majority, 1980 referendum rejected secession.

Radom, Confederation of. 1767. Polish nobles oppose king’s reforms leading to Partition.

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