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140 matches to Pole
Grande Armée. 1805-12. Napoleon’s 1,000,000 man army; combined smaller armies for central control.
Gros, Antoine. 1771-1835. French painter of Napoleon’s military career.
Hardenberg, Karl von. 1750-1822. Prussian chancellor 1810- during Napoleonic Wars. Citizenship to Jews.
Hospitallers, Knights. 11C-. Order of St. John. First devoted to aid of pilgrims to Holy Land. Prominent in crusades. Bought Rhodes 1309. Expelled by Ottomans, 1522. Given Malta by Charles V, 1530. Expelled by Napoleon, 1798. = Knights of Malta.
Hundred Days. 1815. March 20 to July 8; Napoleon’s escape from Elba to his second abdication. 1933. Began Roosevelt’s administration. New Deal enacted.
Income Tax. Britain: 1193 Walter to ransom Richard I. 1799-1815 To finance war vs Napoleon. 10% over £200; 1842 Peel 3%. US: 1862-72 3% over $800 (5% if outside US); 1913 over $3000 only.
Invalides. 1670-7. Louis XIV built to house 4,000 invalid soldiers. Architect: Bruant, dome by Mansart. Tomb of Napoleon.
Jena-Auerstadt, Battles. 1806. Napoleonic victories over Prussians led to fall of Berlin.
Joséphine, Empress. 1763-1814. Widow of beheaded General de Beauharnais, wife of Napoleon 1796-1809; divorced.
Kutuzov, Mikhaïl. 1745-1813. Russian general. Repelled Napoleon, 1812.
Ladislaus I. 1040-95. King of Hungary 1077-. National hero, defeated Poles, Russians, Tatars. Conquered Croats.
Largo Caballero, Francisco. 1869-1946. Spanish socialist Prime Minister, 1936-7. Radical polemics led to Civil War.
Legion of Honour. French national order instituted by Napoleon, 1802. Five ranks: Grands Croix, Grands Officiers, Commandeurs, Officiers, Chevaliers.
Leipzig, Battle. 1813. Napoleon loses Germany and Poland. 500,000 troops involved.
Liberty Poles. 1765-6. Symbolic anti-British poles in US.
Ligurian Republic. 1797-99, 1801-5. Genoese state formed by Napoleon.
Lodi, Battle. 1796. Napoleon defeats Austria in Italy.
Louisiana Purchase. 1803. Napoleon sells Louisiana to US for $27M to finance defence budget.
Mantua, Siege. 1796-7. Napoleon defeats Austria to rule Italy.
Marengo, Battle. 1800. Napoleon defeats Austria, gains Lombardy.
Marie Louise. 1791-1847. Daughter of Francis II. Married Napoleon...Empress of France 1810-15.
Marmont, Auguste. 1774-1852. French Marshal. Surrendered Paris 1814 causing Napoleon to abdicate.
Martello Towers. 1804. Swiss designed defensive towers on English coast against Napoleon.
Mathieu, Albert. 1802. Suggested English Channel Tunnel to Napoleon.