Bhutan. Himalayan kingdom. 9C Tibet invaders settle. c1630 Independent. 17,18C Tibet invades. 1865 Part British 1907 Monarchy. 1910 British Protectorate. 1949 Indian Protectorate.

Bienvenüe, Fulgence. 1852-1936. “Père du Metro”. Engineered first Paris métro line 1898.

Bishops’ Wars. 1639. Scots vs Charles’ Anglicanism. 1640. Covenanters force Charles to call Long Parliament.

Black Panthers. 1966-80. Revolutionary US political party. Bobby Seale. Huey Newton.

Blanqui, Louis. 1805-81. French militant socialist. Coined: “Dictatorship of the Proletariat”, “Industrial Revolution”, 1837. Unsuccessful uprising 1839. Commune leader. Secret societies.

Bloody Week. 1871. Paris Commune toppled. 20,000 dead.

Blum, Léon. 1872-1950. French Socialist Prime Minister 1936-7. 40 hr. week.

Boccador, Il. -1549. Architect Paris Hotel de Ville, 1533.

Boeotian League. 550-335BC. Federal government formed by Thebes. Opposed Sparta in Corinthian War. Defeated by Philip of Macedonia, 338. Destroyed by Alexander the Great, 335.

Bolsheviks. (“Majority”) 1903-52. Revolutionary faction of Social Democratic Workers Party for dictatorship of Proletariat. =Communist. Mensheviks.

Bonaparte, Jerôme. 1784-1860. King of Westphalia 1807-13. Marshal of France. Napoleon’s brother.

Bonaparte, Joseph. 1768-1844. King of Naples 1806-8. King of Spain 1808-13. Napoleon’s brother.

Bonaparte, Louis. 1778-1846. King of Holland 1806-10. Forced to abdicate after opposing Continental System. Napoleon’s brother.

Bonaparte, Napoleon. Napoleon I.

Borodino, Battle. 1812. Napoleon defeats Kutuzov on way to Moscow.

Boston Tea Party. 1773. Colonials dump tea cargo to protest tax. Led to Intolerable Acts.

Brandt, Willy. 1913-92. Pragmatic Social Democrat Chancellor of West Germany 1969-74.

Branting, Karl. 1860-1925. Founder of Swedish Social Democratic Party, Prime Minister 1920-4.

Brazzaville Declaration. 1944. Established colonial representation in French parliament, but not autonomy.

Briand, Aristide. 1862-1932. French Prime Minister 1909~29, orator. “Separation of Church and State”, 1905. Advocated union of Europe. Kellogg-Briand.

Bristol Riots. 1831. For British parliamentary reform.

Broglie, Louis de. 1892-1987. Italian/French physicist. Wave/particle theory.

Broussel. Parliamentarian, whose arrest by Anne of Austria began the Fronde 1648.

Brown, Lancelot “Capability”. 1715-83. English landscape architect. Created the definitive “English Garden”: assymmetric, harmonious, accidental. Blenheim. Prior Park.

Brumaire, Coup of 18. Napoleon abolished Directory, est’d Consulate.

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