Innocent III. c1160-1216. Pope 1198-. Peak power of papacy. Fourth Crusade. Authorized incorporation of University of Paris 1215. Placed Inquisition under Franciscans and Dominicans. Crowned Frederick II.

International. Socialist revolutionary workers movements. First. 1864-76. Founded by Marx in London. Second. 1889-1914. Paris. IFTU. Revived in 1920s. Third. 1919-43. =COMINTERN. Stalin’s Vehicle for world-wide Communist Revolution. Fourth. 1938-53. Trotsky’s Transitional Program for reform.

Intolerable Acts. 1774. British response to Boston Tea Party, Gaspee burning. Closed Boston Harbor. Established military government. Midwest under Quebec rule...Continental Congress.

Invalides. 1670-7. Louis XIV built to house 4,000 invalid soldiers. Architect: Bruant, dome by Mansart. Tomb of Napoleon.

Ireland Act. 1920. Separate government for north and south. Union Act.

Irish Partition. 1921. Irish Free State established; 6 NE counties elect to stay British.

Iron Guard. 1924-41. Romanian anti-semite fascist party.

Irredentists. 1878. Italian political party with object of incorporating neighbouring regions.

Isaac. Old Testament Patriarch. Abraham’s son from whom all Jews descend. Spared from sacrifice.

Ito Hirobumi. 1841-1909. Westernizing Japanese statesman. First Parliament 1890.

James, Henry. 1843-1916. US psychological novelist. American 1877. Washington Square 1881. Turn of the Screw 1898. Compared innocence of New World with corruption of Old.-“It takes a great deal of history to produce a little literature”.

Jeffersonian Republicans. 1790-. US First opposition party. Advocated limited government vs Federalists.

Jena-Auerstadt, Battles. 1806. Napoleonic victories over Prussians led to fall of Berlin.

Jews. Individuals of Jewish parentage or Judaic religion. Descendents of Israelites who survived Babylonian Captivity. Hebrew.

Jinnah, Muhammed Ali. 1876-1948. Founded Moslem League 1934. Demanded partition of India. First gov-gen. of Pakistan.

John. The Fearless. 1371-1419. Duke of Burgundy 1404-. War vs Armagnacs.1407 conquered Paris, won crown. Assassinated by Armagnacs during negotiations.

Joséphine, Empress. 1763-1814. Widow of beheaded General de Beauharnais, wife of Napoleon 1796-1809; divorced.

Judah. Judaea. Southern part of Kingdom of Israel.

June Days. 1848. Paris workers uprising. Cavaignac’s military rule kills 10,000 to restore order.

Kadet. 1905-17. Russian moderate party in Duma.

Karakhan Manifesto. 1919. USSR renounces Czarist rights in China. Spurs Chinese Communist Party.

Kato, Takaakira. 1860-1926. Japanese foreign minister, Prime Minister. Twenty-One Demands 1915. Founded Kenseikai party 1913.

King’s Friends. 1759-1800. British political party. Became Tory party.

King’s Peace. 387BC. Sparta, Persia, Athens. Corinthian War.

Know-Nothing Party. 1845-56. Secretive anti-immigrant US party. Fillmore.

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