Indonesia.16C Portuguse influence. 1602 Dutch East India Co. 1798 Netherlands(Java). 1811-16 Britishs occupy. 1910 Unified as Dutch colony. 1945 Independent. Java. Borneo. Bali. Sumatra.

Inquisition. Group of tribunals dedicated to routing out heresy. Papal. 1231-18C. Formalized by Gregory IX. Torture to obtain confession authorized by Innocent IV 1252. Roman. 1542-1908. RC church vs Protestantism. Galileo. Spanish. 1478-1834. Formed by Isabella and Ferdinand to persecute Jews and Moslems. Torquemada. Auto-da-fé.

International Brigades. 1936-9. 60,000 volunteers who opposed Franco in Spanish Civil War.

Isidore of Seville, St. 560-636. Spanish bishop, encyclopedist. Etymologiae. De Natura Rerum.

Ito Hirobumi. 1841-1909. Westernizing Japanese statesman. First Parliament 1890.

Ivan IV. The Terrible. 1530-84. First Russian czar 1547-. Expanded Russia. Established Czar’s power.

Iwo Jima, Battle. 1945. US Marine WWII victory over Japan. 40,000 casualties.

Iyeyasu. 1542-1616. Unified Japan. First of Tokugawa dynasty.

Izanagi and Izanami. Japanese creation deities.

Jamaica. Arawak. 1494 Columbus discovers. 1509 Spanish. 1655 British. 1959 Self-government. 1962 Independent.

Japan. 660BC Empire founded by legendary Jimmu. 5C AD First unified state. c552 Buddhism. 1192 First Shogun ruler. 1543 European contact (Portugal). 1639 Isolation. 1868 Meiji restoration. 1945-52 Allies occupy. 1947 Constitutional monarchy.

Java. 3C BC Indian infl. 8C Srivijaya(W). 13C Majapahit. 16C Mataran (Islamic). 1618 Dutch E Ind Co...1799 Dutch. 1811-16 British occupy. 1910 Indonesia. 1942-5 Japan occupies.

Java Sea, Battle. 1942. Japanese naval victory over Allies.

Jenkins’ Ear, War. 1739-43. England vs Spain over restrictions of trade with Spanish colonies...War of Austrian Succession. Spanish cut ear, 1731.

Jiménez, Francisco. 1436-1517. Spanish cardinal, statesman. Founded University of Alcalá.

Jimenez de Quesada, Gonzalo. c1495-1579. Spanish conquistador. Founded Bogota, Colombia.

Jimmu Tennõ. c660BC. Japan’s legendary first Emperor. Direct descendent of Sun goddess.

Joei Shikimoku. 1232. Established Japanese Shogunate feudal system.

John of the Cross, St. 1542-91. Spanish mystic poet. Founded Discalced Carmelites.

Joseph I. 1678-1711. Holy Roman Emperor 1705-. Supported Charles VI vs France in War of Spanish Succession.

Juan Carlos I. 1938-. Spanish king 1975-. Son of Carlist pretender Don Juan. Withstood coup, 1981.

Kagawa. 1888-1960. Japanese Christian pacifist evangelist writer/labour leader. National Anti-War League 1928.

Kamakura. 1192-1333. Japanese Shogunate dynasty. Zen. Introduced No Theater. Joei. Hojo. Daigo II.

Kamikaze. 1281 “Divine Wind”. Typhoon that destroyed Mongol invasion of Japan. 1944- suicide pilots. Okinawa.

Kammu. 737-806. Japanese Emperor. Established Kyoto as capital -1868. Heian Period 794-1185.

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