Peking, Treaty. 1860. China cedes coastal land to Russia.

Poitiers, Battle. 732. Charles Martel halts invasion, saving Europe from Moslem rule. 1356. Edward the Black Prince defeats and captures John II. Brétigny Treaty.

Port Arthur. Chinese port. 1894 Japan. 1895 China (Shimonoseki Treaty). 1898 Russia. 1904 Japan. 1945 USSR/China. 1955 China.

Portland, William Bentrick, Duke of. 1649-1709. Dutch/English statesman. Boyne. Treaty of Rijswijk.

Portsmouth, Treaty. 1905. Russia recognizes Japan in Korea, returning Manchuria to China.

Prague, Treaty of. 1866. Ends Austro-Prussian War. Schleswig-Holstein to Prussia.

Pressburg, Treaty. 1805. Austria loses in Napoleonic Wars. Cedes land to France.

Pruth, Treaty. 1711. Ends Russo-Turkish War. Turkey regains territory.

Pyrenees, Treaty. 1659. Established French/Spanish border ending 24 year war.

Quadruple Alliance. 1718. Austria, France, Britain, Dutch Republic. Defeated Spain’s attack on Sicily. 1813,15. Austria, Britain, Russia, Prussia. Enforced Treaty of Paris. 1834 France, Britain, Portugal, Spain. Supported Isabella II vs Carlist claims.

Quintuple Treaty. 1839. Britain, France, Prussia, Austria, Russia guaranteed Belgian integrity. London Treaty.

Radzin, Treaty. 1681. Ends First Russo-Turkish war. Russia gains Ukraine.

Rapallo Treaty. 1920. Italy,Yugoslavia establish free city of Rijeka, settle borders. 1922 Normalized relations of Germany, USSR. Cancelled war indemnities.

Reinsurance Treaty. 1887-90. Secret Russian-German pledge of non-intervention.

Rhineland. German Rhine bank. Hitler defied Treaty of Versailles by militarizing area 1936.

Rijswijk, Treaty. 1697. Ended War of Grand Alliance. William III acknowledged. Territories restored.

Rio de Janeiro, Treaty. 1947. US, Latin America mutual defence.

Ripon, Treaty. 1640. Ended Bishops’ war between Scotland and England.

Roman Question. 1861-1929. Italy vs Papacy over control of Rome. Lateran Treaty.

Rome, Treaty of. 1957. Established EEC, Atomic Energy policy.

Salbai, Treaty. 1782. Ends first Maratha War.

San Ildefonso, Treaty. 1796. France, Spain allied vs England. 1801 Secret exchange: Louisiana to France, Etruria to Spain.

San Remo Conference. 1920. Treaty of Sèvres.

San Stefano, Treaty. 1878. Ended Russo-Turkish War. Independence for Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria. Congress of Berlin.

Sato Eisaku. 1901-75. Japanese Prime Minister 1964-72. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

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