Mastaba. First Dynasty Egyptian tombs. Inspired pyramids.

Master of the Revels. 1300-1737. English court official who arranged festivities, acted as censor.

Mata Hari. 1876-1917. Dutch dancer, courtesan. German spy WWI. Executed by French.

Matabele War. 1894-6. Rhodesia natives vs British. Mediated by Rhodes. Ndebele.

Materialism. All nature is describable as moving particles. Mind is the result of physical activity in the brain. Büchner. Diderot. Hobbes. Marx. Epicureans.

Mather. 17-18C. Family of influential American Puritan ministers.

Mathieu, Albert. 1802. Suggested English Channel Tunnel to Napoleon.

Mathura. Indian city sacred to Hindu as birthplace of Krsna.

Matilda. (Maud). 1102-67. English. Fought cousin Stephen 1135-48, who usurped throne.

Matisse, Henri. 1869-1954. French painter in Fauvist style. Coined “cubism” 1908. Red Studio 1911.

Matsuoka, Yosuke. 1880-1946. Japanese foreign minister 1940. Tripartite Pact with Germany, Italy.

Matsushita, Konosuke. 1894-1989. Japanese industrialist; began 5-day workweek, guaranteed lifetime employment.

Matteotti Crisis. 1924. Italian Fascists kill Socialist, Matteotti for denouncing them. Aventine Secession.

Matterhorn. 14,691 ft. First climbed in 1865 by Whymper.

Matthew, St. Jesus’ Apostle. First Gospel author.

Matthias. 1557-1619. Holy Roman Emperor 1612-. Catholic Revival led to Thirty Years War.

Matthias, St. Replaced Judas as one of 12 Apostles.

Mau-Mau Revolt. 1952-6. Kenya Kikuyu rebel vs Britain. Kenyatta jailed.

Mauchley, John. 1907-80. US inventor with Eckert of ENIAC digital computer 1946.

Maugham, W. Somerset. 1874-1965. British cosmopolitan Humanist writer. Of Human Bondage 1915. Short Stories. Moon and Sixpence 1919.

Maupassant, Guy de. 1850-93. French short story writer: Boule de Suif 1880.

Maupeou, René. 1714-92. French chancellor dissolved Parlement 1771, creating absolute rule.

Mauriac, François. 1885-1970. French Roman Catholic author of sombre novels. Thérèse 1927.

Maurice, Friedrich. 1805-72. English theologian. Christian Socialist founder.

Maurice of Nassau. 1567-1625. Prince of Orange 1618-. Dutch military leader. Fought Spanish 1590s.

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