Islam. =Muhammadism. 7C-. Monotheistic religion based on Koran. 1/6 of world’s population, especially north Africa, Middle East, SW Asia. Sunni. Shi’ite. Caliphate Empire.

Islamic Revolution. 1979. Ayatollah Khomeini led overthrow of Pahlavi in Iran.

Isocrates. 436-338BC. Athenian orator.

Isolationism. 19C-1916. US foreign policy of noninvolvement in foreign affairs.

Israel. Palestine. 1948. Republic proclaimed, recognized by US, UN. Jerusalem.

Israel, Lost Tribes of. 772BC. 10 tribes exiled. Unknown fate.

Israelites. -930BC. Descendants of Jacob. 930BC- Inhabitants of N Palestine vs Judah. Jews who are not Cohens or Levites.

Isthmian Games. 582BC-393 AD. Corinthian athletic, musical competitions. Olympics.

Italian East Africa. 1936-41. Italian colonies in Africa. Ethiopia, Eritrea, Italian Somaliland.

Italian Somaliland. 1890 Italy. 1936-41 WWII Colony. 1960 +British Somaliland =Somalia.

Italian Wars. 1494-1559. Spain, HRE defeat France for control of Italy.

Italo-Ethiopian War. 1935-6. Italy conquers Ethiopia. Demonstrated League of Nations ineffectiveness.

Italo-Turkish War. 1911-12. Italy gains Libya and Rhodes. 1911 First offensive use of airplane (vs Libya).

Italy. 1861 Kingdom. 1946 Republic. Rome. Cisalpine Republic. Florence. Lombardy. Sardinia. Sicily. Tuscany. Venice.

Ito Hirobumi. 1841-1909. Westernizing Japanese statesman. First Parliament 1890.

Iturbide, Augustin de. 1783-1824. Emperor of Mexico 1822-3. Led Mexican independence movement. Exiled.

Ivan III. The Great. 1440-1505. United Russia 1478. Ended Tartar domination.

Ivan IV. The Terrible. 1530-84. First Russian czar 1547-. Expanded Russia. Established Czar’s power.

Ives, Charles. 1874-1954. First major US composer. Unconventional work anticipates 20C techniques. Very influential on later Americans. 3rd Symphony 1904.

Ivory Coast. Baulé, Kru, Lobi, Senefu. 1895 French West Africa. 1960 Independent republic. Cote d’Ivoire.

Iwo Jima, Battle. 1945. US Marine WWII victory over Japan. 40,000 casualties.

IWW. Industrial Workers of the World. 1905-. Wobblies.

Ixion. Father of Centaurs. Bound to fiery wheel by Zeus.

Iyeyasu. 1542-1616. Unified Japan. First of Tokugawa dynasty.

Izanagi and Izanami. Japanese creation deities.

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