Holland, John. 1352-1400. Introduced rack to England. (Banned 1628.)

Hoxha, Enver. 1908-85. Albanian Marxist-Leninist dicatator 1944-.

Hu Yaobang. 1915-89. Liberal Chinese Communist Party chairman. Death led to Tiananmen demonstrations.

Hypermestra. Only daughter of Danaus who didn’t kill husband. Danaïdes.

Independent Treasury. 1846-1913. US financial system not using private banks. Federal Reserve System.

India-Pakistan Wars. 1949. Splits Kashmir. 1965. India gains most of Rann of Kutch. 1971. Bangladesh Independence.

Industrial Revolution. 1730-. Transformation from agricultural to urbanized manufacturing economy as a result of steam power. 1830 England, France. 1850 Germany. 1860 USA. Blanqui. Toynbee.

Isabella. 1292-1358. Ousted husband Edward II in favour of son, Edward III, 1327.

James, Jesse. 1847-82. US bank robber, outlaw leader.

Jaruzelski, Wojciech. 1923-. Polish leader 1981-90. Banned Solidarity -1989. First free elections, 1989, since WWII.

Jauhar. Indian woman’s suicide by fire before husband’s expected death in battle.

Jewish Revolts. vs Romans. 66-73: Failed, Temple destroyed. 132-5: Suppressed by Hadrian. Jews banished from Jerusalem.

Jones, Inigo. 1573-1652. English architect who introduced Palladian style. Greenwich House 1616. Whitehall Banquet Hall 1619.

Joseph, St. Husband of Mary, mother of Jesus.

Kaffir Wars. 1779-1879. Bantu vs British in South Africa. Cape Frontier Wars.

Key, Francis Scott. 1779-1843. US lawyer/poet. Star Spangled Banner 1814 based on music from English drinking song To Anacreon in Heaven. US National anthem 1931-.

Kilkenny Statute. 1367. Banned English-Irish marriage, use of Irish names by English. Established Pale.

Kolin, Battle. 1757. Austrian victory forced Prussia to abandon Bohemia.

Kosovo. Predominantly Albanian province of southwest Serbia, Yugoslavia. 1996-99 KLA rebels seek autonomy. Serbian ethnic cleansing.

Laos. 14C Buddhist Lan Xang. 18C Vientiane(C)/ Luang Prabang(N)/ Champassak(S). 19C Siam. 1893 French protectorate. 1942 Japanese occupy. 1946 French. 1953 Independent...civil wars. 1975 Lao People’s Democratic Republic. 1991 New Constitution and freedoms.

Law, John. 1671-1729. Scottish financier. Founded Paris stock exchange, 1717. Bankrupted by Mississippi Scheme, 1720.

Lebanese Civil War. 1975-91. Moslem PLO gain power over Phalangists. Lebanese National Pact. Israeli, Syrian intervention 1978-82.

Lebanese Crisis. 1958. US Marines intervene in Civil War vs Communists.

Lebanese National Pact. 1943-75. Compromise government of Maronite President, Sunni Prime Minister, Shi’ite Speaker.

Lebanese War. 1978-82. Israeli invasions vs PLO, Syria.

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