Pannonia. c35BC Roman province. Hungary, Austria, north Yugoslavia, Slovakia.

Parry, William. 1790-1855. English arctic explorer. Failed to find NW Passage.

Peary, Robert. 1856-1920. US explorer. First to North Pole 1909.

Pequot War. 1636-7. British annihilate North American Pequot tribe.

Poltava, Battle. 1709. Russia defeats Swedish invasion, becomes a power. Northern War.

Pueblo. US intelligence ship siezed 1968 by North Korea.

Quebec Conference. 1864. Basis of British North America Act. 1943. Allied leaders plan European landings. 1944. Churchill, Roosevelt decide on two war fronts-criticized for allowing Soviets to take Berlin.

Queen Anne’s War. 1702-13. French vs English in North America in War of Spanish Succession.

Rhodesia, Northern. = Zambia.

Ribaut, Jean. 1520-65. French explorer to North America.

Roman Catholic Church. 30-. Branch of Christianity recognizing Pope as successor to St Peter. East-West Schism. Eastern Orthodoxy. Protestantism.

Ross, James. 1800-62. Scottish discoverer of North magnetic pole 1831 with uncle John Ross.

Ross, John. 1777-1856. Scottish. Led North magnetic pole expedition.

Sabah. 1888 British protectorate = North Borneo. 1946 British Crown Colony. 1963 Malaysia.

Sapir, Edward. 1884-1939. Polish/US linguist. Studied North American Indian languages.

Saxony. 843 «East Frankish Kingdom. 919-1024 Ruled HRE. 1180 Divided. 1697 Elector (King) of Poland. 1785 Fürstenbund. 1806 Napoleon creates Kingdom. 1815 Half to Prussia. 1815 German Confederation. 1835 Zollverein. 1867 North German Confederation. 1871 German Empire. 1918 Abolished monarchy. 1920 Republic. 1933 Germany.

Seven Oaks Massacre. 1816. Northwest Company. agents kill 20 settlers in Red River rivalry with Hudson Bay Company. Settlement destroyed.

Seventeenth Parallel. 1954-76. Divided North/South Vietnam.

Sibelius, Jan. 1865-1957. Finnish composer. Finlandia. Symphonies and tone poems evoke feeling of North. Kulervo Symphony 1892.

Sinn Fein. 1905. (=Ourselves Alone). Irish Nationalist movement. 1916 uprising. Founded Irish Free State. Legalized as political party in Northern Ireland, 1974. Political wing of IRA. De Valera.

Siward. -1055. Danish earl of Northumbria. Helped Edward the Confessor. Defeated Macbeth.

Spanish Main. 16C. Buccaneer haven. North coast of South America.

Spanish March. 801. Charlemagne in northeast Spain.

Sri Lanka. (Ceylon). Veddah. 5C BC Sinhalese from northern India settle. 1100 Tamil(N)/ Sinh(S). 1505 Portugal. 1656 Netherlands. 1796 British. 1948 Independent. 1972 = Sri Lanka.

St George’s Day Revolt. 1343-5. Estonian peasants vs Danes. North Estonia sold to Teutonic Knights.

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