Reformation. 16C religious movement against practices of Roman Catholic church led to founding of Protestant churches. Luther. Calvin. Knox. Zwingli. Henry VIII.

Regulating Act. 1773. To control East India Company’s administion of India.

Reich, First. Term applied retroactively to HRE by Bruck.

Representation of the People Acts. England. 1918 Women over 30 and men over 21 enfranchised. 1928 Women over 21. 1948 Plural voting abolished. 1969 Age of majority reduced to 18. Reform Bills.

Romania. Balkans. Dacia. 15C Ottoman. 1859 Moldavia+Walachia. 1878 Independent. 1918 + Bessarabia, Transylvania. 1940 -Bessarabia. 1947 People’s Republic. 1955 Warsaw Pact. 1989 Revolt. Ceausescu overthrown.

Romantic Movement. Reaction vs Enlightenment, French cultural domination. Native themes, individuality, subjectivity, self-expression.

Rothko, Mark. 1903-70. Russian/US Abstract Expressionist painter. Large canvases of solid color. Light Earth and Blue 1954.

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1712-78. Swiss Enlightenment philosopher and writer. Began Romantic Movement. Stimulated French and American Revolutions. On Equality 1753. Social Contract 1762 influenced French Revolution (offended authorities), Confessions 1782. Man is prevented from being free only by society and cold science. Goodness and bounty of nature. Goodness of man. Advocates direct democracy at City-State level and dictatorship above. Sovereignty rests with people. General will aims at best for all.

Rowlatt Acts. 1919. Suppressed liberties in British India led to Amritsar Riots, Noncooperation Movement.

Rowley, William. 1585-1642. English actor, playwright. All’s Lost by Lust 1619.

Royal Society. 1660. English publisher of scientific Philosophical Transactions since 1665.

Royal Titles Act. 1876. Declared Victoria Empress of India.

Sachs, Julius von. 1832-97. German discoverer of chlorophyll action.

Sakharov, Andrei. 1921-89. Soviet physicist, human rights activist. Hydrogen bomb. Formed Committee for Human Rights 1970.

Samuel, Herbert. 1870-1963. British philosopher, statesman. Practical Ethics.

Sansculottes. 1793-4. Radical French Revolutionaries. Demanded action of Convention vs counterrevolution. Terror.

Schism Act. 1714. Occasional Conformity Act 1719.

Separatists. 16-17C. Factions who left Church of England. Brownists, Pilgrims, Quakers.

Settlement, Act of. 1701. British established Protestant Hanover succession. Limited monarch’s powers.

Shaftesbury, 7th earl. 1801-85. English reform politician. Coal Mines Act 1842. Factory Acts. Sponsored schools, housing for poor.

Shakespeare, William. 1564-1616. English dramatic poet. Master of language, characters, perception.Titus Andronicus c1593. Romeo and Juliet c1594. Hamlet c1602. Othello c1604. King Lear c1606. Lover’s Complaint c1609. Sonnets 1609. Tempest 1611.

Sherman Anti-Trust Act. 1890 US. Prohibits monopolies, restraint of trade.

Sherman Silver Purchase Act. 1890-3. US increases silver purchases. Fears of gold standard abandonment started 1893 Panic.

Six Acts. 1819. Suppressed Radicals after Peterloo.

Slater, Samuel. 1768-1835. English/US. First American textile factory. Duplicated Arkwright spinning machines 1793.

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