Radom, Confederation of. 1767. Polish nobles oppose king’s reforms leading to Partition.

Raeburn, Henry. 1756-1823. British portrait artist.

Railways. 1795 England(horse-drawn). 1827 First US charter. 1827 Europe (St. Etienne-Andrézieux). 1869 US Central/Union Pacific. 1887 Canadian Pacific 1905 Trans-Siberian.

Rajagopalachari, Chakravarti. 1879-1972. Indian Governor General 1948-50. Founded Swatantra Party 1959.

Ramuz, Charles. 1878-1947. Swiss novelist: Terror on the Mountain 1925. Beauty on Earth 1927. Soldier’s Tale.

Rationalism. All truth can be arrived at through thought alone. vs Empiricism. Descartes. Spinoza.

Rauschenberg, Robert. 1925-. US Pop artist. Collage. Trapeze 1964.

Ravaillac, Francois. 1578-1610. Assassin of Henry IV. Quartered.

Rayburn, Sam. 1882-1961. US Democratic Speaker of House. 48 yrs. in House of Representatives.

Read, Herbert. 1893-1968. English critic, poet: Art and Society 1936.

Reagan, Ronald. 1911-2004. US actor, Republican President 1981-9. Tax reform. Strong economy. Aid to Nicaragua Contras. Irangate scandal. Fall of Soviet Empire.

Realism. 19C art movement concerned with recording everyday life. Courbet.

Reformation. 16C religious movement against practices of Roman Catholic church led to founding of Protestant churches. Luther. Calvin. Knox. Zwingli. Henry VIII.

Régence. c1700-30. Decorative arts style: Transition from heavy, linear to Rococo. Watteau.

Regency. 1800-30. Georgian Classicist architecture with tinge of exotic from the Empire. Stucco facing on brick. Nash. Soane. Hope. Sheraton. Decorative Arts: Neoclassical, Egyptian motifs.

Regula, St. 3C Zurich martyr.

Remington, Frederic. 1861-1909. US artist of western subjects.

Renaissance. 13-16C Rebirth of the arts, under classical influence. Humanism. Spread from Italy. Art. Architecture. Music.

Renaissance Art. 14-15C. Approaches ideal depiction of nature. Perspective, proportion, sfumato. Florentine. Venetian.

Renart, le Roman de. Group of French adventure romances written in the 12-13C.

Reni, Guido. 1575-1642. Italian Baroque painter. Aurora and the Hours 1613.

Repartimiento. c1500-1820. Spanish-American colonists recruit Indians for forced labour.

Republican Party. 1792 Jefferson’s agrarian party. 1820 Whigs. 1854. Anti-slavery party. Lincoln. = Grand Old Party. vs Democratic Party.

Republican People’s Party. Turkey 1923-50. Founded by Ataturk.

Resistance. WWII underground paramilitary groups in German-occupied countries, notably France. Partisans. Maquis.

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