Paris. Son of Priam. Carried Helen back to Troy, starting the Trojan Wars. Shot Achilles. Judged first beauty contest.

Paris, Treaties. 1229 Ends Albigensian Crusade. Louis gains Toulouse. 1327. England loses territory to France. 1763 Ends Seven Years War. Britain gets French holdings in Canada. Spain gets American territory. 1783 Ends American Revolution. US borders fixed. 1814 Ends Napoleonic Wars, restoring 1792 borders. Napoleon exiled to Elba. 1815 Ends Hundred Days. 1790 borders, reparations. Napoleon to St. Helena. 1856 Ends Crimean War. Black Sea neutral. Regulated Laws of High Seas. 1898 Ends Spanish American War. Spain cedes Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico to US. 1947. Settled European borders after WWII.

Paris School. 1900-30. Bohemian golden age of arts in Montparnasse.

Parker, Matthew “Nosey”. 1504-75. Archbishop of Canterbury 1559-. 39 Articles.

Parks, Rosa. 1913-. US ‘mother’ of Civil Rights Movement. Arrested, 1955, for not relinquishing her seat to a white man. King.

Páros. Greek island source of white marble. Parthenon.

Parthenon. 447-431BC. Marble Doric temple of Athena built by Phidias and Ictinus under Pericles on Athens Acropolis. Damaged by Venetians attacking Turks 1687.

Parthenopean Republic. 1799 Created by Napoleon at Naples. 1802 Nelson restores Bourbons 1806.

Parthia. Arsacids.

Partisans. Armed resistance in occupied territory. Yugoslav resistance under Tito, 1941-5.

Paul, St. c10-67. Apostle, organizer of Christian religion. Travelled extensively. Pharisee, rabbi, tentmaker converted by vision, 37. Epistles. Martyred by Nero.

Pausanius. Spartan. Drove Persians from Greece at Plataea, 479BC. Starved to death for plotting helot uprising.

Peel, Robert. 1788-1850. English Prime Minister 1834~46. London police force 1829. Income Tax 1842. Founded Conservative Party. Bank Charter Act. Repealed Corn Laws 1846.

Peisistratus. -527BC. Athenian Tyrant 560BC~. Attacked Ionia. Supported external trade, arts.

Pelopidas. -364BC. Theban general. Defeated Sparta.

Peloponnesian League. 6C-366BC. Led by Sparta. Leuctra Battle.

Peloponnesian War, Second. 431-404BC. Sparta defeats Athens, beginning Greek decline.

People’s Republic. Communist government by a people’s party. Democratic mandate from popular revolution. Often Totalitarian.

Percy, Thomas. 1528-72. Failed attempt 1569 to rescue Mary Stuart, replace Elizabeth.

Periander. Corinthian tyrant c627-586BC. Trade and art expansion.

Pericles. c495-429BC. Athenian leader 461-. Led to Athenian dominance of Greece. Parthenon. Height of democracy.

Petit Palais. Built for 1900 World Exhibition. Paris Museum of Fine Arts.

Phidias. c490-430BC. Greek sculptor. Parthenon frieze. 42 foot gold and ivory statue of Zeus at Olympia. 7 Wonders.

Philip II. 1165-1223. French Capetian king 1179-. 3rd Crusade. Conquered Flanders. Doubled France. Fought Richard the Lion Heart for Angevin Empire.

Philippe de Champagne. Cartoonist 1631. Windows of St-Eustache.

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