Speyer, Diet. 1526,1529. Luther’s protest against the church’s intolerance of Reformers.

SS. 1928-1945. Nazi police reporting directly to Hitler. Blackshirts. Gestapo. Himmler. SA.

St Albans Raid. 1864. Confederates attack Vermont from Canada.

St Kitts and Nevis. St Kitts: Carib. 1493 Columbus discovers. 1623,4 British, French settle, dispute. 1783 British. Nevis: 1628 British settle. 1816 St Kitts +Nevis, Anguilla, Virgin Islands. 1871 Leeward Islands Federation. 1958-62 West Indies Federation. 1967 St Kitts, Nevis, Anguilla Autonomous. 1980 -Anguilla. 1983 Independent.

St Laurent, Louis. 1882-1973 Canadian Liberal Prime Minister 1948-57. St Lawrence Seaway. Old Age Security.

St Lucia. Carib Arawak. 17C English fail to settle. 1650 French settle. 1803 Britain. 1838 Windward Is. 1958-62 West Indies Federation. 1967 Autonomous. 1979 Independent.

St Vincent and the Grenadines. Carib. 1498 Columbus discovers. 1763 English. 1773 Treaty with Caribs. 1795 Carib revolt fails, most deported. 1871 Windward Is. 1958-62 West Indies Federation. 1969 Autonomous. +Grenadines. 1979 Independent.

Stanhope, James. 1673-1721. English general. Negotiated Triple, Quadruple Alliances.

States General. French Representative Assembly. 1302 First summoned by Philip IV. 14-15C Controlled taxes; failed to control government. 1789 last summoned by Louis XVI. 1=Clergy. 2=Nobility. 3=Bourgeoisie.

States’ Rights. US political doctrine. Restricts federal power.

Stauffenberg, Claus von. 1907-44. Failed attempt to assassinate Hitler 1944.

Stein, Gertrude. 1874-1946. US avante-garde writer. Autobiography of Alice B Toklas 1933. Coined “Lost Generation”.

Stentor. Homer’s herald. Voice of 50 men.

Steuben, Baron von. 1730-94. Prussian general. Trained, organized American Revolution army 1778-.

Stilicho , Flavius. c365-408. Roman general. Repulsed Goths, Vandals.

Stolypin, Pyotr. 1862-1911. Russian Prime Minister 1906-. Used secret police to control revolutionaries. Moderate reforms.

Storting. 1814-. Bicameral Norwegian parliament.

Strasser, Gregor. 1892-1934. German Nazi leader, Hitler rival. Assassinated.

Strauss, Richard. 1864-1949. Traditional German composer of symphonic poems, operas. Don Juan 1889. Salome 1905. Also Sprach Zarathustra 1909.

Sturm und Drang. 1760-80. German anti-enlightenment literary movement. Goethe. Klinger.

Sudetenland. German speaking area of Czechoslovakia given to Hitler by Munich Agreement 1938.

Suffolk Resolves. 1774. American colonists pledge disobedience to Intolerable Acts. End trade with Britain.

Sumter, Fort. 1861. Confederate attack. First aggression of American Civil War.

Surrealism. 1920-. Artistic and literary movement dealing with the expression of the subconscious mind, fantasy, dreams. Klee, Dali, de Chirico, Chagall.

Suzerainty. Authority over a state’s foreign affairs by another state.

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