Radom, Confederation of. 1767. Polish nobles oppose king’s reforms leading to Partition.

Rajagopalachari, Chakravarti. 1879-1972. Indian Governor General 1948-50. Founded Swatantra Party 1959.

Rambouillet, Marquise de. 1588-1665. First Paris literary salon.

Rameau, Jean-Philippe. 1683-1764. Composer for harpsichord and operas based on classical themes. Castor and Pollux 1737. Pygmalion 1748.

Realism. General concepts have an existence independent of material things or names. Plato. St Anselm.

Redi, Francesco. 1626-97. Italian naturalist. Maggots from fly eggs, not spontaneous generation, 1668.

Regency. 1800-30. Georgian Classicist architecture with tinge of exotic from the Empire. Stucco facing on brick. Nash. Soane. Hope. Sheraton. Decorative Arts: Neoclassical, Egyptian motifs.

Reich, Third. 1933-45. Germany under Hitler.

Reichstag Fire. 1933. Arson. Hitler blamed “red peril” as excuse for assuming dictatorship.

Relativity. Einstein’s theories that space and time are not absolute. Special 1905. General 1916.

Revera, Miguel Primo de. Primo de Revera, Miguel.

Rhine, Confederation of. 1806-13. Bavaria and German states with constitution in French model.

Rhineland. German Rhine bank. Hitler defied Treaty of Versailles by militarizing area 1936.

Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Federation. 1953-63. Opposed by Malawi, Zambia regions. Dissolved.

Richmond, Virginia. US Confederate capital 1861-5.

Ricimer. -472. Roman general. Defeated Vandals, deposed Emperor.

Rilke, Rainer. 1875-1926. Czech/Austrian writer: Duino Elegies 1922. Sonnets to Orpheus 1923.

Rimsky-Korsakov, Nicolai. 1844-1908. Russian Nationalist composer/orchestrator: Scheherezade 1888. Operas.

Rivera, Diego. 1886-1957. Mexican mural painter. Murals at Rockefeller Center 1933. Kahlo.

Roberts, Charles. 1860-1943. Poet, “Father of Canadian literature”. Songs of the Common Day 1893.

Rochdale. 1844 Pioneer cooperative. Owen.

Röhm, Ernst. 1887-1934. German Nazi rival of Hitler. Organized SA. Executed.

Roland de la Platière, Jean. 1734-93. Moderate French revolutionary leader. Fled Terror.

Roman Question. 1861-1929. Italy vs Papacy over control of Rome. Lateran Treaty.

Romantic. Literary movement. Nature, spirit and emotion. Subjective. Gothic novel. Hugo, Rousseau, Schiller. Wordsworth. Goethe. Scott.

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