Rickover, Hyman. 1900-86. US Admiral. “Father of nuclear submarine”.

Rodney, George. 1718-92. British admiral. Seven Years War. American Revolution.

Russian Revolution. 1905. Led to Duma, Constitution and end of Mir system. Police gradually regained authority. October Manifesto. Bloody Sunday. 1917 Feb: Liberal republicans overthrow Czar. Oct: Lenin’s Bolsheviks overthrow Kerensky’s Provisional Government, withdraw from WWI.

Ruyter, Michiel. 1607-76. Dutch admiral defeated British in Anglo-Dutch wars.

Semiramis. Assyrian queen, goddess. Founded Babylon.

Shere Ali. 1825-79. Emir of Afghanistan. Defeated in Second Afghan War.

Sikh States, Confederation of. 1764 Independent from Mogul. 1819 + Kashmir. 1834 + Peshawar. 1849 British. 1948 India.

Sikh Wars. 1845-6 Sikhs invade India, British take Kashmir. 1848-9 Sikh revolt, Britain takes Punjab.

Smirke, Robert. 1781-1867. Architect. British Museum 1823.

Smyrna. =Izmir. 3000BC Greek city in Turkey. 600BC Lydian. 4C Greek 1425 Ottoman. 1920-2. Greeks occupy, massacre.

St Médard Convulsionnaires. Believers in miraculous cures at St. Médard cemetery forbidden by Louis XV in 1732: “By Order of the King, Let God No Miracle Perform in this Place!”

Togliatti, Palmiro. 1893-1964. Co-founder, Italian Communist Party. Leader 1926-.

Transjordan. 1921-46 Emirate. 1946-49 Kingdom = Jordan.

Tromp, Marten. 1598-1653. Dutch admiral. Defeated Spain 1639 at Downs.

Trotsky. Lev Bronstein. 1879-1940. Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, with Lenin anti-Stalin. “Worldwide Permanent Revolution”-socialism in Russia requires revolution everywhere. Favoured International Communism over Stalin’s Russian nationalism. Organized First Soviet 1905. Twice banished to Siberia by Czar. 1918 War Commissar...Red Army. Banished by Stalin 1929. Murdered in exile in Mexico.

Trucial States. 1820-1971. 7 Arab emirates under British protectorate, renewed truces annually. United Arab Emirates.

United Arab Emirates. 1820 = Trucial States. 1892 British protectorate. 1971 Independent federation.

Velázquez, Diego. 1599-1660. Spanish Naturalist court painter. Old Woman Frying Eggs 1618. Coronation of the Virgin 1641. Philip IV 1644. Surrender of Breda. Borrachos. Venus and Mirror 1655.

Villeneuve, Pierre. 1763-1806. French admiral defeated at Trafalgar.

Vladimir I, St. 956-1015. First Christian Russian ruler. Ordered people to convert.

Weather Forecasts. 1860. First regularly issued by British Admiralty Office.

Yamamoto Isoroku. 1884-1943. Japanese admiral. Led Pearl Harbor attack 1941.