Warbeck, Perkin. 1474-99. Flemish. Posed as Richard, Duke of York, pretender to the English throne. Executed.

Warlords. 1916-49. China generals seized local power on Yüan Shih-K’ai’s death. Last eliminated by communists.

Wellington, Duke of. 1769-1852. English general, victor at Waterloo. Prime Minister 1828-30.

West, Benjamin. 1738-1820. US/English historical painter. Death of General Wolfe 1771.

West Indies Federation. Antigua, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserat, St Christopher-Nevis-Anguila, St Lucia, St Vincent, Trinidad and Tobago.

West Virginia. 1863. Region refused to secede with Virginia, forming a new state.

Westminster Abbey. 7C Benedictine monastery. 1050-65 New Building, additions by Edward the Confessor; 1245 by Henry III. West towers 1745. Used for all British coronations since William I.

Westminster Assembly. 1643-52. Convened by Long Parliament to inaugurate Presbyterianism in England and Wales. Westminster Confession of Faith.

Westminster Conference. 1866-7. Planned independence of Canada under British North America Act.

Westminster Palace. 1860. British House of Parliament.

Westminster, Provisions of. 1259. Reenacted as Marlborough Statute 1267. Forced on Henry III by barons, limiting power. Barons War.

Westminster, Statute of. 1275,85,90. First reference to Great Council of England as Parliament. Reformed civil and criminal law. Legal protection for poor. 1931. British affirmation of autonomous dominion of British Empire countries. Established British Commonwealth.

Westminster, Treaties. 1654 Ends Dutch War. Dutch pay England. 1662 England, Brandenberg most-favoured nation status. 1674 Dutch American colonies to Britain. 1756 Prussia, British neutrality.

Westminster Confession of Faith. 1647. Doctrine of Presbyterian religion of Westminster Assembly called by Long Parliament.

Whitlam, Gough. 1916-. Australian Labour Prime Minister 1972-5. Quit Vietnam War. Dismissed by Governor General. Reduced immigration restrictions. White Australia.

Wilhelmina. 1880-1962. Queen of Netherlands 1890-1948.

Wilson, Harold. 1916-95. British Labour Prime Minister 1964~76.

Witte, Sergei. 1849-1915. Russian finance minister 1892-1903. Trans-Siberian Railway. Capitalistic policies. First Prime Minister 1905-6.

Wöhler, Friedrich. 1800-82. German. Synthesized urea 1828. Aluminum 1827.

Wollstonecraft, Mary. 1759-97. English feminist author. Vindication of the Rights of Women 1792. Mother of Mary W Shelley.

WPA. Works Progress Administration. 1935-43. Employed 8.5M on public works in US during Depression.

Wyoming. 1869 First US territory to give women vote. 1925 First US woman governor.

Wyoming Massacre. 1778. British Loyalists, Indians attack American settlement while men away in Washington’s army. 360 women, children killed.

Xanthos, Sieges. Lycians defend against: 546BC Persians. 43BC Romans. Residents commit mass suicide both times. Asia Minor.

XYZ Affair. 1797. US attack French ships after refusing to bribe ministers. Settled 1800. French Revolutionary Wars.

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