Trudeau, Pierre. 1919-2000. Canadian Liberal Prime Minister 1969~84. Constitution Act 1982; Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Trujillo. Rafael. 1891-1961. Ruthless Dominican Republic dictator 1930-. Assassinated.

Tsankov, Aleksandur. 1879-1959. Dictatorial Bulgarian Prime Minister 1923-6 following coup.

Tuileries, Storming of. 1792 Massacre of Swiss Guards. King’s authority suspended. French Revolution.

Tuileries Palace. 1563. Architect:Delorme. Commissioned by Catherine de Medici. Stormed 1792. Burned, 1871 by Communards.

Turgot, Robert. 1727-81. French Physiocrat. Finance Minister 1774-6.

Uganda. 1844 Arab traders reach. 1862 British explore. 1894 British protectorate. 1962 Independent. Amin.

United Front. 1924-6, 1936-45. Chinese communists, Kuomintang vs Japan.

Usury. Maximum interest rates: Rome 50BC: 12%, 529: 8%. Islam 622: 0%. Christian 1311: 0%. England: 1623 8%, 1651 6%, 1713 5%, 1854 eliminated. USA, by State: 5-45%

Utrecht, Treaties. 1713-14. Ended War of Spanish Succession. Austria gains Netherlands. France cedes Newfoundland, Hudson’s Bay, Nova Scotia to England. Spain cedes Gibraltar, Minorca to England.

Vasa. 1523-1818. Swedish dynasty. Ruled Poland 1587-1668. Dominated 17C Baltic.

Vergennes, Charles, Compte de. 1719-87. French foreign minister. Allied with American revolutionaries. Treaty of Paris 1783.

Verwoerd, Hendrik. 1901-66. South African Prime Minister 1958-66. Apartheid. Left Commonwealth 1961. Assassinated.

Vidocq, François. 1775-1857. French adventurer, petty criminal. Organizer of Police de Sûreté. Thieves 1837.

Viet Minh. 1941-51. Communist nationalist coalition vs French in Vietnam.

Vietnam. Annam. 209BC Nam Vet kingdom. 111BC China. 2C Funan, 939 Independent. Khmer, Cham, Mongol invasions repelled. 1407 Ming. 1867 France (S). 1883 Tonkin, Annam French protectorates(N). 1940 Japanese occupy. 1945 Independent. 1946-54 French Indochina War. 1954 Communist Democratic Republic (N). 1955 Republic (S). 1962 Vietnam War. 1976 Socialist Republic of Vietnam 1987 Economic liberalization. 1995 US recognition.

Vilar, Esther. 1935-. German anti-feminist writer. Manipulated Man.

Vincent of Beauvais. c1190-1264. French Dominican priest. Wrote encyclopedic Speculum majus 1259.

Vizier. 14-20C. Ottoman top minister of state.

Vo Nguyen Giap. 1912-. Viet Minh commander 1946-54, 1966-75. Minister of Defence 1954-. Tet Offensive. Defeated Japanese 1942-5, French 1946-54, US 66-76.

Voting Rights Act. 1965. US eliminates tests that disqualified black voters.

Walking Purchase. 1737. Americans cheat Indians in buying Delaware land by running instead of walking to determine land size. French-Indian Wars 1754-63.

Walloon. French dialect of south Belgium. Flemings.

Walpole, Robert. 1676-1745. English Whig. First Prime Minister 1721-42. Free trade and peace.

Wang Yang-ming. 1472-1529. Chinese Idealist neo-Confucianist philosopher.

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