Military Conversations. 1906-14. English, French military staff prepare for war with Germany.

Abel, Frederick. 1827-1902. English inventor of military explosive cordite with Dewar, 1889.

Armed Neutrality at Sea. 1780-1801. Agreement that neutral flag at sea protects all but military goods.

Badr, Battle. 624. Muhammad’s first military victory. Defeats Umayyad caravan.

Bjorko Treaty. 1905. Unimplemented military alliance between German Wilhelm II and Russian Nicholas II.

Brock, Isaac. 1769-1812. British military commander. Upper Canada hero in War of 1812.

Caudillo. Latin US term for military-backed leader.

Conscription. 1793. Carnot devised first compulsory military service for France. Used in Egypt’s Old Kingdom.

Consulate. 1799-1804. Napoleon’s military triumvirate after Directory overthrown.

École Militaire. 1752. French Royal Military Academy. Gabriel.

Feudalism. 8-14C. Social system. Lord grants land rights (fiefs) to vassals in return for military or other service. Manorialism. Seignorialism.

Geneva 5-Power Agreement. 1932. Allowed German military buildup.

Ghazigi. “Warriors of the faith”. Ottoman military before Janissaries.

Gros, Antoine. 1771-1835. French painter of Napoleon’s military career.

Guatemala. Maya. 1523 Spain. 1822 Mexican Empire. 1823 CAF. 1839 Independent. Many Mayan revolts. 1954 CIA led coup. Military Dictatorship. 1980-96 Genocide. 1996 Peace.

Guesclin, Bertrand du. c1320-80. French military leader, 100 Years’ War. Expelled English from France.

Haiti. Arawak. 1492 Columbus discovers. 16-18C Slaves brought. 1697 Spain cedes to France 1804 Independent. 1915-34 US occupies. 1957-86 Duvalier dictators. 1994 US overthrow of military regime. 1972-2002 US returns refugee boat-people.

Inönü, Ismet. 1884-1974. Turkish military leader, Prime Minister 1923-37, 1961-5. President 1938-50.

Intolerable Acts. 1774. British response to Boston Tea Party, Gaspee burning. Closed Boston Harbor. Established military government. Midwest under Quebec rule...Continental Congress.

Iron Cross. 1813. Prussian military decoration.

June Days. 1848. Paris workers uprising. Cavaignac’s military rule kills 10,000 to restore order.

Junkers. Prussian landowner class. Dominated admin., military.

Marshal. Highest military rank in Britain, France, Germany, Russia, China.

Maurice of Nassau. 1567-1625. Prince of Orange 1618-. Dutch military leader. Fought Spanish 1590s.

Myanmar. (Burma). Pyu. Mons. 849 Pagan kingdom. 1287 Mongol. 1303-1605 Split. 1852(S)/1886(N) British under India. 1948 Independent. 1974 Socialist republic. 1988 Military coup, dictatorship. 1989 = Myanmar. 1990 elections nullified. Suu Kyi.

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