Eck, Johann. 1486-1543. Opposed Luther, Protestantism.

Edmund, St. -870. King of Anglia. Martyred. Remains moved to Bury St. Edmunds 903.

Erasmus, Desiderius. c1466-1536. Dutch Humanist ecclesiastic reform writer. Published first New Testament based on Greek, 1516. Reason over ignorance and superstition. Opposed Luther. Praise of Folly. Enchiridion: Christ requires of us nothing but a pure and sincere life.

Existentialism. Philosophy. Existence is concrete. Man has choice. Responsibility, freedom. Anti-conformism. Kierkegaard. Sartre. Heidegger.

Exuperantius, St. 3C Zurich martyr.

Frobisher, Martin. 1535-94. British navigator in search of North-West passage 1576.

Heidegger, Martin. 1889-1976. German Existentialist philosopher. Being and Time 1927.

Hippolytus, St. c170-235. Italian martyr. First Antipope, 217-.

Ibn Tumart. c1080-1130. Berber leader. Demanded moral reform. Founded Almohad Confederation.

Ignatius of Antioch, St. -c107. Syrian martyr. Clarified Catholic beliefs. -“Catholic Church”.

Jacquemart de Hesdin. Court painter: Grandes Heures du Duc de Berry 1409.

James, St. -c44. One of 12 Apostles. Martyred by Herod Agrippa I.

Jude, St. Apostle of Jesus. Martyred in Persia.

Kierkegaard, Sören. 1813-55. Danish founder of Existentialism. Either-Or 1843. Fear and Trembling 1843. Influenced Heidegger. Individual must consciously choose among life’s alternatives.

King, Martin Luther, Jr. 1929-68. US non-violent black Civil Rights activist. Assassinated.

Lamartine, Alphonse de. 1790-1869. French Romantic poet. Méditations Poétiques 1820.

Lawrence, St. -258. Martyr with Pope St Sixtus II.

Leipzig Debate. 1519. Luther vs Eck. Both claim victory.

Luther, Martin. 1483-1546. German Christian reformer opposed to indulgences. Wittenberg. -’Even if heaven and hell do not exist, education is important’ Justification by faith alone. Melanchthon. 95 Theses 1517. Treatise on Christian Liberty. New Testament translated to vernacular 1522. Catechisms 1529. Canticles 1533. Excommunicated 1520, burns Papal Bull. Choral composer: moral effects of music.

March on Washington. 1963. 200,000 in civil rights march led by King-“I have a dream”.

Martel, Charles. Charles Martel.

Martel, Édouard. 1859-1938. Creator of speleology.

Martello Towers. 1804. Swiss designed defensive towers on English coast against Napoleon.

Martha. Sister of Mary and Lazarus. Symbol of active life.

Martí, José. 1853-95. Led Cuban war vs Spain.

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