Pepin the Short. c714-68. First Carolingian king of France 751-. Charlemagne’s father. Donation of Pepin.

Peri, Jacopo. 1561-1633. Florentine composer. First opera. Dafne 1594. Euridice 1600.

Perón, Eva. “Evita”. 1919-52. Influential first wife of Juan. Won women’s vote.

Pérotin. -c1238. First composer to write for 4 voices. Sederunt.

Peter, St. -64. Leader of Jesus’ disciples. First pope. Crucified upside-down by Nero.

Peter the Hermit. 1050-1115. French. Led ill-equipped army in First Crusade.

Peterhouse. 1284. First Cambridge college.

Philip V. 1683-1746. First Bourbon king of Spain 1700-. Accession led to War of Spanish Succession, loss of Netherlands and Italian possessions. War of Polish Succession.

Philippe Auguste Wall. 1210. First defensive wall around Paris.

Phrynichus. c512-476BC. Athenian playwright. First women characters. Capture of Miletus 494BC.

Piazzi, Giuseppe. 1746-1826. Italian discoverer of Ceres, first asteroid seen by man 1801.

Pilâtre de Rosier, Jean-François. 1756-85. Physician and balloonist. First ascent 1783 with Montgolfier; First free flight 1783 with d’Arlandes. Killed trying to cross Channel.

Pinkerton, Allan. 1819-84. Scottish/US founder first US detective agency 1850. Foiled plot vs Lincoln 1861.

Politian. 1454-94. First vernacular Italian poem 1475.

Polyanov, Peace. 1634. Poland receives Smolensk for recognizing first Romanov czar, Michael.

Pont Notre-Dame. Originally the Great Bridge in Roman Paris. Rebuilt in 1413 by Normans. First numbered houses in Paris.

Ponte Vecchio. 1345. Florence. First segmented arch bridge in West.

Poole, William. 1821-94. US. First library periodical index.

Porter, David. 1780-1843. US. Captured first British warship of 1812 war.

Porter, Edwin. 1869/70-1941. US filmmaker. First dramatic editing -Great Train Robbery 1903; First US documentary -The Life of an American Fireman 1903.

Post, Wiley. 1899-1935. US aviator. First solo flight around world 1933.

Prasad, Rajendra. 1884-1963. First president of Indian Republic 1950-62.

Pretorius, Marthinus. 1819-1901. First president of South African Republic 1857-71, president. Orange Free State 1859-64.

Prime Minister. =Premier. Head of parliamentary government under the head of state (monarch or president). Walpole (1721-42) considered first British Prime Minister. Richelieu 1624 France. Chancellor.

Protagoras. c485-411BC. First Greek Sophist. “Man is the measure of all things”. “Truth is subjective to each person”. Exiled c415-.

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