Halley, Edmund. 1656-1742. English astronomer who explained comets 1705. First meteorological chart 1686.

Hallmark. 1300. First required in Britain.

Hamilton, Alexander. 1755-1804. US Federalist statesman. First Secretary of Treasury. Killed in duel by Burr.

Hancock, John. 1737-93. American revolutionary. First signer of Declaration of Independence.

Harald I. c850-933. First Norwegian king 860-930. Colonized Iceland c874.

Harald Blue Tooth. c910-985. First Christian Danish king c940-. Unified Denmark, conquered Norway.

Hastings, Warren. 1732-1818. First English Gov-Gen of Bengal, 1772-84/5. Impeached...acquitted.

Hatshepsut. First Egyptian queen to rule as Pharaoh 1503-1482BC.

Hautsch. 1657. First fire engine.

Hawkins, John. 1532-95. First English slave trader, 1562.

Hegel, G.W.F. 1770-1831. German Idealist philosopher: Dialectical Reasoning: thesis vs antithesis = synthesis. Dialectical Materialism. “Universe is evolving from first cause toward self awareness and freedom. In man, God becomes aware of Himself”. Phenomenology 1806. Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1817. Philosophy of History 1830.

Heinkel, Ernst. 1888-1958. German. First turbojet aircraft.

Helgoland Bight, Battle. 1914. British defeat Germans in first WWI naval battle.

Hennepin, Louis. 1626-1701. Missionary explorer of Great Lakes. First European to Niagara Falls.

Henry IV. 1366-1413. Rebelled vs Richard II. King of England 1399-. Consolidated government. First Lancaster.

Henry VII. 1457-1509. First Tudor King of England 1485-. Defeated Richard III at Bosworth Field, 1485. Ended War of Roses. United Lancasters, Yorks.

Heuss, Theodor. 1884-1963. First President of German Federal Republic, 1949-59.

Hillary, Sir Edmund. 1919-2008. New Zealand, first to climb Mt. Everest, 1953, with Tenzig Norgay.

Hipparchus. c190-120BC. First star catalogue. Epicyclic planetary motion around earth. Astrolabe 130.

Hippolytus, St. c170-235. Italian martyr. First Antipope, 217-.

Hiroshima. Japanese city destroyed 1945 by first A-bomb. 75000 killed.

Hospitallers, Knights. 11C-. Order of St. John. First devoted to aid of pilgrims to Holy Land. Prominent in crusades. Bought Rhodes 1309. Expelled by Ottomans, 1522. Given Malta by Charles V, 1530. Expelled by Napoleon, 1798. = Knights of Malta.

Hsia. 1994-1523BC. Legendary first Chinese dynasty.

Hugh Capet. c941-996. First of the Capetian dynasty of French kings 987-. Son of Hugh the Great.

Ibn Sa’ud. 1880-1953. Conqueror and king of Riyad 1902-, + Najd, Hasa, Asir, Hejaz; united as Saudi Arabia 1932-. Ended tribal wars. First oil wells 1933.

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