Nanak. 1469-1539. Indian Sikh guru. To reduce strife between Hindus and Moslems, founded Sikh religion. -“God is one, whether Allah, Rama, God or Vishnu”.

Napier, John. 1550-1617. Scottish mathematician, invented logarithms 1614. Napiers bones anticipated slide rule. Decimal notation.

National Party. 1914. South African Afrikaaner pro-Apartheid, anti-Commonwealth party. In power 1948-94.

Nearchus. -312BC. Macedonian general under Alexander.

Necker, Jacques. 1732-1804. Swiss Finance Minister of France before the Revolution. Compte Rendu 1781. Called Estates General leading to French Revolution. Dismissal led to riots.

Nemirovich-Danchenko, Vladimir. 1858-1943. Russian author/director. Founded Moscow Art Theater with Stanislavsky.

Neoplatonism. 3C Plotinus’ philosophy of the “One”. Union with the “Good” by using intelligence.

Neorealism, Italian. 1920-60. Literary movement supressed by Fascists. Moving autobiographical accounts of the war years. Quasimodo.

Netherlands, Austrian. 1714-94.

Netherlands, Spanish. 1581-1714. = Belgium, Luxembourg.

Netherlands Guiana. Surinam.

Neville, Ralph. 1364-1425. Aided Henry IV vs Richard II. Grandfather of Edward IV and Richard III.

New Netherland. 1624-64. Dutch colonies in North America. Captured by British. New Amsterdam.

Newton, Isaac. 1643-1727. English physicist. Calculus 1666. Reflecting telescope 1668. Binomial Theorem. 1676. Tides 1683. Law of Gravity and Acceleration 1684. Decomposition of light.Principia Mathematica 1687. Speed of sound 1698.Opticks 1704.

Ney, Michel. 1769-1815. Marshal under Napoleon. Shot after second Restoration. “Bravest of the brave”-Napoleon.

Nicephorus I. -811. Byzantine Emperor 802-. Agreement with Charlemagne led to Empire of the West.

Night of the Long Knives. 1934. Hitler’s SS murder 77+ Nazi opponents and others.

Nightingale, Florence. 1820-1910. English pioneer of nursing in Crimean War. “The lady with the lamp.”

Ninety-five Theses. 1517. Document Luther nailed to Wittenburg church door. Began Reformation.

Nominalism. Philosophy. Abstractions do not exist. Things are their names. Vs Realists. Aristotle. Roscelin. Hobbes.

Northampton, Battle. 1460. War of the Roses. York victory earns right to succeed Henry VI.

Northern Expedition. 1926-8. Kuomintang unify China, purge Communists.

Northern Ireland. Ireland. 17C Protestants settle. 1801 United Kingdom. 1920 Ireland divided. 1922 Civil War. 1922 Direct rule. IRA.

Northern War, First. 1655-60. Sweden vs Poland and allies. Sweden wins Danish territory. Poland renounces claim to Swedish throne.

Northern War, Great. 1700-21. Sweden vs Russia and allies. Ends Sweden’s power, begins Russia’s.

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