Lucian. c120-80. Greek satirist. Dialogues of the Dead.

Luddites. 1811-16. Workers who destroyed machines to stop the Industrial Revolution. Led by mythical Ned Ludd.

Lurçat, Jean. 1892-1966. French painter, revived the art of tapestry. Apocalypse 1948.

Lyceum. c335BC. Athenian school founded by Aristotle, called ’Peripatetics’.

Lycurgus. c390-324BC.Led short revival of Athens after Peloponnesian War.

Lysander. -395BC. Spartan admiral. Captured Athens 404BC. Ended Peloponnesian War.

Lysias. c445-380BC. Greek orator. Unembellished style.Against Eratosthenes 404BC.

Lysimachus. 385-281BC. Alexander’s General. Macedonia satrap 323-.

Macaulay, Thomas. 1800-59. British politician, writer. Essays 1843. History of England 1849-61 the “Whig interpretation of history”.

Macedonianism. 360. Christian heresy. Holy Ghost subordinate to Father and Son.

MacLeish, Archibald. 1892-1982. US poet laureate of the New Deal. Happy Marriage 1924.

MacLennan, Hugh. 1907-90. Canadian writer of social + political conflict. Two Solitudes 1945. The Watch that Ends the Night 1959.

Madison, James. 1751-1836. US President. 1809-17. “Father of US Constitution.”

Magellan, Ferdinand. c1480-1521 Portuguese navigator. Died leading first circumnavigation of the world. Discovered Straits of Magellan 1520.

Magnus I. The Good. 1024-47. King of Norway 1035-, Denmark 1042-, uniting them. Failed in claim to England.

Magritte, René. 1898-1967. Belgian Surrealist painter. Ceci n’est pas un pipe 1948. Castle of the Pyrenees 1962.

Maia. Greek Pleiade. Mother of Hermes by Zeus.

Maimonides, Moses of Cordova. 1135-1204. Jewish philosopher. Mishneh Torah 1168. Guide for the Perplexed 1180.

Maintenon, Françoise de. 1635-1719. Mistress, then secret wife of Louis XIV. Founded St-Cyr.

Malamud, Bernard. 1914-86. US author. Jewish themes. Fixer 1966. Natural 1952.

Malan, Daniel. 1874-1959. South African Prime Minister 1948-54. Established Apartheid.

Malawi. c13C Chewa. 19C Yao, Ngoni. 1859 Explored by Livingstone. 1893 British protectorate. 1907 =Nyasaland. 1953 +Northern Rhodesia. 1964 Independent =Malawi. Zambia. Banda.

Maori. Polynesian people of New Zealand. Migrated before 800 AD (1150 by their legend).

Marathon, Battle. 490BC. Athenians defeat Persian invaders.

Marcel, Étienne. 1316-58. French draper who led unsuccessful Paris revolt vs Dauphin Charles V, 1355-8, while John II captured by English. Assassinated.

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