Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Biblical reference to war, famine, death, and Christ, to come at end of world.

Four Noble Truths. Basic Buddhist doctrine. Existence is suffering, suppressed by following the 8-fold path.

Fourier, Jean. 1768-1830. French mathematician/ physicist. Flow of heat 1822. Analysis of cyclical phenomena.

France, Anatole. 1844-1924. French short story writer. The Red Lily 1894.

France, College of. Created by Francis I in 1530 as the 3 Language College: Latin, Hebrew, Greek.

Francesca, Piero della. 1406-92. Italian fresco painter. Story of the True Cross 1465.

Francis of Assisi, St. 1182-1226. Founder of the Franciscan order.

Frederick II. The Great. 1712-86. Powerful Prussian king. Siezed Silesia from Austria. Patron of Arts. Liberal internal reforms.

Freedmen. Released slaves in Rome, Athens, US South.

French Revolution. 1789-99. Monarchy overthrown. Republic established 1792. Caused by Absolutism, financial crisis, Enlightenment. Terror. Napoleon. French Revolutionary Wars.

Fresnel, Augustin. 1788-1827. French physicist, wave theory of light 1815. Fresnel lens 1820.

Freyr. Norse god of fertility, sun, rain. Freyia’s brother.

Froissart, Jean. c1333-1400. French Chronicles of the Hundred Years War 1391.

Functionalism. 1924-45. Architectural movement of Le Corbusier. Austere objects perfected to carry out their function.

Galicia. 6C Lechs/Ruthenians settle. 10C Russian. 1087 Independent prin. 1241 Mongol. 1349 Pol. 1772 Austrian. 1918 Pol. 1939 USSR(E).

Galileo Galilei. 1564-1642. Italian physicist. Planetary motion. Thermometer 1592. Acceleration of falling bodies 1604. Astronomical telescope 1609. Sunspots 1610. Arrested for heliocentricity, 1632. Rehabilitated by Vatican 1992. Copernicus.

Galland, Antoine. 1646-1715. French translator of Arabian Nights, introduced the story to Europe 1704.

Galsworthy, John. 1867-1933. British writer. Forsythe Saga 1906-21.

Gambia, The. 1455 Portugal discovers. 1588 British settle. 17-18C French, British dispute. 1843 British Crown Colony. 1965 Independent. 1970 Republic.

Gaugemela, Battle. 331BC. Alexander the Great defeats Persia.

Gauguin, Paul. 1848-1903. French Post-Impressionist painter typified by abstracted figures and flat planes of color. Tahitian Landscape. Day of the God 1894.

Gautier, Théophile. 1811-72. French poet. -“Art for art’s sake”. Mlle de Maupin 1835.

Gemayel, Amin. Lebanese President 1982-88 after brother, Bashir, president-elect, was assassinated.

Genet, Jean. 1910-86. French dramatist. Theatre of the Absurd. The Blacks 1958.

Genghis Khan. c1160-1227. Founder of the Mongol Empire. Black Sea to Pacific.

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